Repositori Obert UdL
The institutional repository collects, manages, disseminates and preserves publications in open access derived from the academic and research activity of the University of Lleida.
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The relationship between breast and gynaecological cancers and a diagnosis of serious mental illness: a scoping review
(2025) Tort Nasarre, Glòria; Galbany Estragués, Paola; Subías Miquel, Martí; Monistrol Ruano, Olga; Saz Roy, Maria Ángeles; Romeu Labayen, Maria
Women who are living with a diagnosis of serious mental illness face an elevated risk of premature mortality from breast and gynaecological cancers. To understand the risk factors associated with prevalence and premature death from breast or gynaecological cancer in women diagnosed with an SMI, a scoping review was conducted, using the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) framework in accordance with the PRISMAScR guidelines. Four electronic databases were searched for research from 2012 to 2024. The 21 selected articles identified potential factors associated with our target: clinical status, coordination of care across health services, and social and family support. The findings suggest that the keys to improving outcomes are conducting proper screening among women diagnosed with SMI, coordinating mental health and oncological care, and capitalising on available family support.
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La restauración forestal en España. Más de 150 años de experiencia
(Asociación y Colegio Oficial de Ingenieros Técnicos Forestales y Graduados en Ingeniería Forestal y del Medio Natural, 2024) Pemán García, Jesús
En el año 2000, la UICN y la WWF acuñaron el concepto de Forest Landscape Restoration para denominar al proceso que tenía por objeto recuperar la funcionalidad ecológica de los ecosistemas forestales a nivel de paisaje. Este concepto es el que subyace en la pronunciación del Desafío de Bonn o en la Declaración de Nueva York sobre los Bosques de 2014. En 2020, la FAO incidió en este aspecto, declarando esta década como la de Restauración de la Tierra. Podría pensarse que estos conceptos son nuevos, pero nada más lejos de la realidad. En 1860, en Francia se aprobó una legislación sobre restauración de montañas, en donde se incluían técnicas como la repoblación natural, la artificial o el encespedamiento; incluso llegaron a crear un servicio de restauración. En España, la restauración forestal como hoy la conocemos, basada en una técnica fundamentada en un cuerpo de conocimientos científicos propios, puede decirse que comienza desde el primer momento del nacimiento de la Ingeniería forestal en España en 1852. Uno de los primeros autores en extender el término de restauración forestal fue Miguel del Campo, cuando fue invitado a la redacción de un artículo sobre repoblaciones forestales. El autor decidió cambiar el título por el de restauración forestal, justificándolo en estos términos (Del Campo 1928): He creído mejor el título de “Restauración” que “Repoblaciones” por ser más amplio que éste; ya que no se debe solamente repoblar, esto es, crear masas nuevas, sino llevar, también, las que aún quedan a su eficiencia máxima; que si muchísimo se debe hacer en el primer sentido, no es poco lo que reclama el segundo. El origen de la restauración forestal en España está ligado a las grandes inundaciones que tenían lugar como consecuencia de los frecuentes episodios de lluvias torrenciales (cuenca del río Júcar en 1864, cuenca del río Jiloca (Daroca, Zaragoza) en 1854, 1865 y 1877, las de Tarragona en 1874 o las de Almería y Murcia en 1879) (Cuesta 1919) y al mal estado de la cubierta vegetal en las cuencas de los ríos.
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Open Access
Contrasting stem water uptake and storage dynamics of water-saver and water-spender species during drought and recovery
(Oxford University Press, 2023) Martín Gómez, Paula; Rodríguez Robles, Ulises; Ogée, Jérôme; Wingate, Lisa; Sancho Knapik, Domingo; Peguero Pina, José Javier; Dos Santos Silva, José Víctor; Gil Pelegrín, Eustaquio; Pemán García, Jesús; Ferrio Díaz, Juan Pedro
Drought is projected to occur more frequently and intensely in the coming decades, and the extent to which it will affect forest functioning will depend on species-specific responses to water stress. Aiming to understand the hydraulic traits and water dynamics behind water-saver and water-spender strategies in response to drought and recovery, we conducted a pot experiment with two species with contrasting physiological strategies, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and portuguese oak (Quercus faginea). We applied two cycles of soil drying and recovery and irrigated with isotopically different water to track fast changes in soil and stem water pools, while continuously measuring physiological status and xylem water content from twigs. Our results provide evidence for a tight link between the leaf-level response and the water uptake and storage patterns in the stem. The water-saver strategy of pines prevented stem dehydration by rapidly closing stomata that limited their water uptake during the early stages of drought and recovery. Conversely, oaks showed a less conservative strategy, maintaining transpiration and physiological activity under dry soil conditions, and consequently becoming more dehydrated at the stem level. We interpreted this dehydration as the release of water from elastic storage tissues as no major loss of hydraulic conductance occurred for this species. After soil rewetting, pines recovered pre-drought leaf water potential rapidly, but it took longer to replace the water from conductive tissues (slower labelling speed). In contrast, water-spender oaks were able to quickly replace xylem water during recovery (fast labelling speed), but it took longer to refill stem storage tissues, and hence to recover pre-drought leaf water potential. These different patterns in sap flow rates, speed, and duration of the labelling, reflected a combination of water use and storage traits, linked to the leaf-level strategies in response to drought and recovery.
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Open Access
Mapping of environmental fragility in Atlantic Forest protected areas through multicriteria analysis
(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2025) Pinto de Almeida, Marcello; Souza Lima, Gumercindo; Pereira de Cristo, Sabrina Lourdes; Nascimento Neves, Camila; Cola Zanuncio, José; Grechi Campostrini, Ludimila; Ribeiro de Castro Simão, Marcos Vinícius
The zoning of protected areas reduces the environmental impacts caused by the recreational use of such locations. Thus, this study aims to develop a predictive model of environmental fragility to support ecotourism planning. A Geographic Information System were used to produce thematic maps of the slope, soil type, precipitation, flow accumulation, and land cover, which were then overlaid to generate the environmental fragility map. The results showed that 73.6% of the Serra Negra da Mantiqueira State Park and 72.7% of the Serra Negra Private Reserve lie within the moderate fragility class, followed by the high (19.3% and 18.6%), very high (5.5% and 6.4%), and low (1.7% and 2.3%) fragility classes, respectively. The long-distance trail that follows the crest of the Serra Negra traverses the territory of the park and the private reserve, showing predominantly moderate (47.5%) to high (41.5%) fragility. The
resulting cartographic product allows the definition of new trails, reducing the environmental fragility of the routes, and can be replicated in other protected areas.
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Open Access
Decoding viral and host microRNA signatures in airway-derived biosamples: Insights for biomarker discovery in viral respiratory infections
(Elsevier, 2024) Molinero, Marta; Perez-Pons, Manel; González, Jessica; Barbé Illa, Ferran; de Gonzalo Calvo, David
The global public health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has intensified the global concern regarding viral respiratory tract infections. Despite their considerable impact on health, society and the economy, effective management of these conditions remains a significant challenge. Integrating high-throughput analyses is pivotal for early detection, prognostication of adverse outcomes, elucidating pathogenetic pathways and developing therapeutic approaches. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), a subset of small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), have emerged as promising tools for molecular phenotyping. Current evidence suggests that miRNAs could serve as innovative biological markers, aiding in informed medical decision-making. The cost-effective quantification of miRNAs in standardized samples using techniques routinely employed in clinical laboratories has become feasible. In this context, samples obtained from the airways represent a valuable source of information due to their direct exposure to the infectious agent and host response within the respiratory tract. This review explores viral and host miRNA profiling in airway-derived biosamples as a source of molecular information to guide patient management, with a specific emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 infection.