Publicacions de projectes finançats per la Unió Europea

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Publicacions resultants de les investigacions finançades pel 7è Programa Marc, pel Programa H2020 i l’European Research Council de la Unió Europea, recollides en el Projecte OpenAIRE (Open Access Infraestructure for Research in Europe) que promou l’accés obert a Europa.

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 835
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    Open Access
    A systematic review of open data in agriculture
    (Elsevier, 2024) Chamorro-Padial, Jorge; García González, Roberto; Gil Iranzo, Rosa María
    In this work, we perform a systematic literature review of Open Data and Public Domain datasets in Agriculture. We use the PRISMA method to analyze the existing academic literature about open data in agriculture, concretely 1401 papers from the IEEE Xplore and Web of Science collections, published from 2012 to 2022. Many of these articles use or make available datasets of very different typologies, like sensor data, statistical data or satellite images, among others kinds. Some papers talk about different relevant topics that influence the use of open data, like the lack of open data for research purposes, barriers to adopting or sharing data, privacy concerns, data-sharing recommendations and guidelines. In addition, with the help of a script created ad-hoc for this research work, we analyze the degree of compliance within the FAIR principles of all the public domain or open datasets that we have been able to identify from the literature, concretely 104 datasets. The script can check the compliance of Gen2 maturity indicators of a list of resources. Using these metrics, we have been able to identify those open datasets that might be at risk of stopping to be available and started a “rescue operation”. For those datasets whose terms permitted it, we migrated those Open Data datasets to Zenodo, a repository that complies with the availability principles. This will ensure the future survival of valuable data in Agriculture.
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    Open Access
    Ultrasonication and enzymatic treatment of apple and orange bagasses: Molecular characterization of released oligosaccharides and modification of techno-functional and health-related properties
    (Elsevier, 2024) Manthei, Alina; Elez Martínez, Pedro; Soliva-Fortuny, Robert; Murciano-Martínez, Patricia
    Apple and orange bagasse were subjected to ultrasonication (US) and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) with a cellulase-pectinase mixture. US did not affect oligosaccharide profile and water and oil holding capacities (WHC/OHC) in both substrates but enhanced bile acid adsorption capacity (BAC) and total phenolic content (TPC) in orange bagasse. EH increased glucose/xylose and xylobiose (XOS-2) contents and caused the release of cellobiose (COS-2) and pectin derived oligosaccharides (POS), mainly methylated oligogalacturonides with degree of polymerization (DP) 3–4. Hydrolyzed orange bagasse exhibited higher total POS content (31.56 g/100 g bagasse) than apple bagasse (21.13 g/100 g bagasse), but apple bagasse showed higher diversity in methylated and acetylated POS. After combined treatment, POS quantities in apple bagasse were enhanced whereas in orange bagasse COS-2 and POS-2 formation significantly increased, making physical opening before enzymatic degradation an effective strategy for maximizing oligosaccharide concentrations. EH decreased techno-functional properties and TPC but led to a 24.9 % increase of BAC in apple bagasse and a 7.8 % increase in orange bagasse, highlighting that the efficacy of US and EH depends on the applied DF substrate. This study offers guidance for selecting modification technologies for fruit by-products to obtain ingredients with elevated oligosaccharide content, improved techno-functional and health-related properties.
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    Open Access
    Faba bean introduction makes protein production less dependent on nitrogen fertilization in Mediterranean no-till systems
    (Elsevier, 2024) Simon Miquel, Genís; Reckling, Moritz; Plaza Bonilla, Daniel
    Under Mediterranean rainfed areas, no-till cereal-based systems have been adopted to cope with water availability and increasing input costs. However, the increased risk of biotic stresses, high N-fertilizer dependence, and current EU policies warrant cropping systems re-design. Objective: Evaluate diversification and N fertilization as strategies to improve N use efficiency at the cropping system level and quantify its productivity. Methods: Four crop sequences combined with four levels of N fertilization were assessed in a three-year field experiment in semiarid rainfed north-eastern Spain. Crop sequences were continuous winter wheat (WCS) and three-year diversified rotations with pea (PCS), faba bean (FCS), or a multi-service cover crop (MSCS) and two years of cereals. Crop, pre-crop and cropping system levels were considered. Agronomic evaluation included crops above-ground biological N fixation (Ndfa), net N balance (Ndfa minus N removed by grain), soil N mineralisation productivity, energy to N tradeoff (ENT), and N use efficiency of protein (NUEp) production. Results: Pea yields ranged from 0 to 766 kg ha−1 and Ndfa from 24% to 54%. Faba bean yield ranged from 1378 to 4251 kg ha−1 and Ndfa from 32% to 72%. Net N balance was close to neutral for pea while in faba bean it ranged from 41 to −21 kg N ha−1. Alternative pre-crops led to greater soil N mineralisation (51 kg N ha−1, on average) and higher wheat yield (564 kg ha−1, on average) compared to wheat as the pre-crop. N fertilization increased protein yields, with FCS presenting the highest yields at all N fertilizer rates. This effect led to a stable NUEp (1.69 kg protein kg N supply−1), as the protein yield increased proportionally to N supply. Conclusions: Diversification improved the succeeding wheat performance and grain legumes N fixation exceeded grain N removal. Introducing legumes into cropping systems led to a decrease in energy productivity compared to the cereal-based system. However, protein production in the FCS was higher than in any other cropping system regardless of the N fertilizer rate. Implications or significance: Crop diversification adds challenges and risks in dry Mediterranean areas. However, the study shows that crop diversification with faba bean can decrease cropping system's N-fertilizer dependence and increase protein productivity, contributing to cropping systems' sustainability.
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    Open Access
    Retrieving the irrigation actually applied at district scale: assimilating high-resolution Sentinel-1-derived soil moisture data into a FAO-56-based model
    (Elsevier, 2024) Laluet, Pierre; Olivera-Guerra, Luis Enrique; Altés, Víctor; Paolini, Giovanni; Ouaadi, Nadia; Rivalland, Vincent; Jarlan, Lionel; Villar Mir, Josep Ma.; Merlin, Olivier
    Irrigation is the most water consuming activity in the world. Knowing the timing and amount of irrigation that is actually applied is therefore fundamental for water managers. However, this information is rarely available at all scales and is subject to large uncertainties due to the wide variety of existing agricultural practices and associated irrigation regimes (full irrigation, deficit irrigation, or over-irrigation). To fill this gap, we propose a two-step approach based on 15 m resolution Sentinel-1 (S1) surface soil moisture (SSM) data to retrieve the actual irrigation at the weekly scale over an entire irrigation district. In a first step, the S1-derived SSM is assimilated into a FAO-56-based crop water balance model (SAMIR) to retrieve for each crop type both the irrigation amount (Idose) and the soil moisture threshold (SMthreshold) at which irrigation is triggered. To do this, a particle filter method is implemented, with particles reset each month to provide time-varying SMthreshold and Idose. In a second step, the retrieved SMthreshold and Idose values are used as input to SAMIR to estimate the weekly irrigation and its uncertainty. The assimilation approach (SSM-ASSIM) is tested over the 8000 hectare Algerri-Balaguer irrigation district located in northeastern Spain, where in situ irrigation data integrating the whole district are available at the weekly scale during 2019. For evaluation, the performance of SSM-ASSIM is compared with that of the default FAO-56 irrigation module (called FAO56-DEF), which sets the SMthreshold to the critical soil moisture value and systematically fills the soil reservoir for each irrigation event. In 2019, with an observed annual irrigation of 687 mm, SSM-ASSIM (FAO56-DEF) shows a root mean square deviation between retrieved and in situ irrigation of 6.7 (8.8) mm week-1, a bias of +0.3 (−1.4) mm week-1, and a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.88 (0.78). The SSM-ASSIM approach shows great potential for retrieving the weekly water use over extended areas for any irrigation regime, including over-irrigation.
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    Open Access
    Recombination in the wheat stem rust pathogen mediated by an indigenous barberry species in Spain
    (Frontiers Media SA, 2023) Rodriguez-Algaba, Julian; Villegas, Dolors; Cantero-Martínez, Carlos; Patpour, Mehran; Berlin, Anna; Hovmøller, Mogens S.; Jin, Yue; Justesen, Annemarie F.
    The comeback of wheat stem rust in Europe, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, and the prevalence of the alternate (sexual) host in local areas have recently regained attention as a potential threat to European wheat production. The aim of this study was to investigate a potential epidemiological link between the aecia found on an indigenous barberry species and stem rust infections on nearby cereals and grasses. Aecial infections collected from Berberis vulgaris subsp. seroi were inoculated on a panel of susceptible genotypes of major cereal crop species. In total, 67 stem rust progeny isolates were recovered from wheat (51), barley (7), and rye (9), but none from oat, indicating the potential of barberry derived isolates to infect multiple cereals. Molecular genotyping of the progeny isolates and 20 cereal and grass stem rust samples collected at the same locations and year, revealed a clear genetic relatedness between the progeny isolated from barberry and the stem rust infections found on nearby cereal and grass hosts. Analysis of Molecular Variance indicated that variation between the stem rust populations accounted for only 1%. A Principal Components Analysis using the 62 detected multilocus genotypes also demonstrated a low degree of genetic variation among isolates belonging to the two stem rust populations. Lastly, pairwise comparisons based on fixation index (Fst), Nei’s genetic distances and number of effective migrants (Nm) revealed low genetic differentiation and high genetic exchange between the two populations. Our results demonstrated a direct epidemiological link and functionality of an indigenous barberry species as the sexual host of P. graminis in Spain, a factor that should be considered when designing future strategies to prevent stem rust in Europe and beyond. Copyright