Articles publicats (Tecnologia, Enginyeria i Ciència dels Aliments)
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- ItemRestrictedFinger-prick blood sampling using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) method for monitoring the main (poly)phenolic metabolites in human blood after barley biscuit intake(Elsevier, 2025-02-21) Cortijo-Alfonso, Maria Engracia; Yuste, Silvia; Piñol Felis, Carme; Romero Fabregat, Mª Paz; Macià i Puig, Ma Alba; Rubió Piqué, LauraA novel method based on volumetric absorptive micro-sampling (VAMS) combined with UPLC-MS/MS was developed and validated to determine the principal (poly)phenolic metabolites in human blood following the consumption of 140 g of purple whole-grain barley (WGB) biscuits. Finger-prick blood samples were collected from 11 healthy volunteers at multiple time points up to 48 h post-ingestion. To extract (poly)phenolic metabolites efficiently, various extraction parameters were optimized. Then, the method was successfully applied and five colonic (poly)phenolic metabolites from the main (poly)phenolic families from barley were detected: benzene-1,2-diol-O-sulphate, 3-(4 ′-hydroxy-3 ′-methoxy)propanoic acid and its sulphated form, 5 ′-(3 ′ ,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone-O-sulphate, and methyl luteolin-O-glucuronide. Maximum absorption occurred at 12 h for most metabolites, while luteolin-O-glucuronide showed two distinct peaks at 2 and 6 h, indicating its dual-phase absorption. Comparison with venous plasma samples collected during the 0–6 h period showed no significant differences (p > 0.05), validating the statistical reliability of VAMS as an alternative to venipuncture. Thus, VAMS emerges as a less invasive and statistically robust means for analyzing the pharmacokinetic profile of (poly)phenols, particularly those arising from colonic metabolism.
- ItemOpen AccessAcid adaptation impacts survival and pathogenicity of Salmonella Enteritidis and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in orange juice(MDPI, 2025-04-23) Bainotti, Maria Belén; Colás Medà, Pilar; Pié-Amill, Anna; Viñas Almenar, Inmaculada; Alegre, Isabel; Alegre Vilas, IsabelPathogenic bacteria surviving acidic conditions in foods pose a persistent public health risk, with acid adaptation potentially enhancing their virulence in low-pH environments like fruit juices. In this study, we hypothesized that foodborne bacteria exhibit enhanced survival and pathogenic potential in fruit juice after undergoing prior acid adaptation. Thus, our aim was to investigate the pathogenic potential and survival of acid-adapted Salmonella Enteritidis and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in orange juice. Cells were acid-adapted by cultivation in a glucose-rich medium, resulting in an increase in bacterial populations from 3.0-3.1 to 8.7-9.0 log10 CFU/mL, compared to non-acid-adapted controls. After 2 days at the common temperature storage of the fruit juices (4 °C), the acid-adapted S. Enteritidis and E. coli survived at higher levels in orange juice compared to non-acid-adapted populations (differences of around 1.7 log units between both). Finally, acid-adapted bacteria showed greater survival during passage through simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, indicating increased pathogenic potential. Regarding the pathogenic potential, acid-adapted E. coli O157:H7 showed an adhesion capability of around 3.5 times higher in comparison with non-acid-adapted E. coli O157:H7. These results highlight the importance of considering the adaptability of foodborne bacteria to acidic conditions in food safety and security studies.
- ItemOpen AccessComportamiento viscoelástico de pulpa de membrillo en función de la concentración de sólidos solubles(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 2006) Mota Ramos, Afonso; Ibarz Ribas, AlbertoEl conocimiento de las propiedades viscoelásticas de los alimentos es muy útil en el diseño y predicción de la estabilidad de muestras almacenadas. El trabajo tuvo como objetivos caracterizar las propiedades viscoelásticas de las muestras de pulpa de membrillo a diferentes concentraciones de sólidos solubles. El estudio reológico del pulpa de membrillo fue realizado en el rango de concentraciones de 12,3 a 28°Brix a la temperatura de 20°C. Las medidas viscoelásticas fueron realizadas con un reômetro Haake Rheostress RS100 y fue seleccionado el barrido de frecuencia entre 0,1 a 100 Hz. Los resultados demostraron que para la muestra de 28°Brix la pulpa se comportó como un semi-sólido en todo el rango de frecuencia estudiada. Para la concentración de 24°Brix, a bajas frecuencias, la pulpa se comportó como un semi-líquido (G">G') mientras que en frecuencias más altas se comportó como semi-sólido (G'>G"). Para la pulpa de 16 e 20°Brix hubo el predominio del carácter viscoso sobre el carácter elástico. Para la pulpa de 12,3°Brix no fue posible determinar los valores G' e G". Se observó todavía que la viscosidad compleja del pulpa de membrillo aumenta con la concentración para todo el rango de frecuencias estudiadas.
- ItemOpen AccessImpact of health and social factors on the cardiometabolic risk in people with food insecurity: a systematic review(MPDI, 2022) Salinas-Roca, Blanca; Rubió Piqué, Laura; Carrillo- Álvarez, Elena; Franco-Alcaine, GemmaFood plays a key role in people’s health and quality of life. Inadequate eating habits or a deficient diet can lead to the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The present review aims to describe the health and social factors related to food insecurity (FI) in adults in high-income countries and evaluate their impact on cardiometabolic risk (CMR). Following the PRISMA procedures, a systematic review was conducted by searching in biomedical databases. Full articles were screened (nf = 228) and critically appraised, and 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the selected studies, the results grouped information based on (i) the characteristics of the population in FI, (ii) the impact of FI on NCDs, and (iii) the cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risk of the FI population. Considering the minimum and maximum percentage data, people of the categories female sex (46.2–57.6%), education level lower than high school (11–67.46%), non-Hispanic white ethnicity (37.4–58%), single or separated or widowed (45–64.8%), and current smoker (35.5–61.1%) make up the population with FI in high-income countries. All of these factors presented a significant association (p < 0.001) with cardiovascular risk factors. The highest odds ratios (OR) for the FI population are described for obesity (OR = 2.49, 95% CI; 1.16–5.33) and myocardial infarction (OR = 2.19, 95% CI). Interventions that integrate FI screening and the measurement of CMR factors into routine clinical care may be an important step to identify vulnerable populations and subsequently improve and prevent NCDs. Thus, food-diet policies and public-health-based interventions are needed to be included in the measurement of CMR in the assessment of FI.
- ItemOpen AccessPre and postharvest enzymatic activity in Gulupa (Passiflora edulis Sims) fruits from the colombian lower montane rain forest(Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2014-01-01) Franco, Germán; Cartagena Valenzuela, José Régulo; Correa Londoño, Guillermo; Rojano, Benjamín Alberto; Piedrahita Correa, Ana María; Ibarz Ribas, Alberto“High-Andean fruits” are deemed important because of their potential for domestic consumption and exportation. Among them, gulupa (Passiflora edulis Sims) is an exotic fruit of good acceptance in European markets. However, the technological support associated with the crop is incipient and its short shelf life leads to rapid deterioration of the product. This fact makes it necessary to investigate the physical, physiological and biochemical processes that characterize fruit ripening, in order to take actions to ensure that it arrives in its best possible condition to the consumer. In this context, the current study aimed at identifying enzymatic activity in gulupa fruits during pre and postharvest. Plant material from the Colombian Gene Bank (administered by Corpoica) was used. Fruits of known age were periodically harvested to determine the activity of the enzymes α-amylase, polygalacturonase (PG), pectinmethylesterase (PME) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) through destructive samplings. It was found that α-amylase and PG are linked to the increase of soluble solids, which favors the sweet taste of the fruit. In turn, the low activity of PPO enables agroindustrial processing without severe fruit browning.
