Articles publicats (Tecnologia, Enginyeria i Ciència dels Aliments)
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- ItemOpen AccessEffect of the Emulsifier Used in Dunaliella salina-Based Nanoemulsions Formulation on the β-Carotene Absorption and Metabolism in Rats(Wiley, 2023) Teixé Roig, Júlia; Oms Oliu, Gemma; Odriozola Serrano, Isabel; Martín Belloso, OlgaScope Microalgae such as Dunaliella salina are a potential sustainable source of natural β-carotene due to their fast growth and high adaptability to environmental conditions. This work aims to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of β-carotene from this alga into different emulsifier-type nanoemulsions (soybean lecithin [SBL], whey protein isolate [WPI], sodium caseinate [SDC]) on its absorption, metabolization, and biodistribution in rats. Methods and results Nanoemulsions formulated with different emulsifiers at 8% concentration are obtained by five cycles of microfluidization at 130 mPa, then expose to an in vitro digestion or orally administer to rats. Feeding rats with nanoemulsions improves β-carotene uptake compared to control suspension, especially using SDC and WPI as emulsifiers. A greater presence of β-carotene and retinol in the intestine, plasma, and liver is observed, being the liver the tissue that shows the highest accumulation. This fact can be a consequence of the smaller droplets that protein-nanoemulsions present compared to that with SBL in the intestine of rats, which promote faster digestibility and higher β-carotene bioaccessibility (35%–50% more) according to the in vitro observations. Conclusions Nanoemulsions, especially those formulated with protein emulsifiers, are effective systems for increasing β-carotene absorption, as well as retinol concentration in different rat tissues.
- ItemOpen AccessEvaluation of commercial anti-listerial products for improvement of food safety in ready-to-eat meat and dairy products(MDPI, 2023-02-19T23:00:00Z) Colás-Medà, Pilar; Viñas Almenar, Inmaculada; Alegre Vilas, IsabelIn ready-to-eat products, such as cooked ham, fresh cheese, and in which is a concern, the use of biopreservation techniques represents an additional hurdle to inhibit pathogen growth during storage. The objective of this study was to apply several biopreservation techniques in three different food matrices to reduce the growth of , used as a surrogate of . Several lactic acid bacteria, the bacteriocin nisin, the bacteriophage PhageGuard Listex P100, and the enzyme lysozyme were evaluated. Cooked ham treated with the bacteriophage PhageGuard Listex at 0.5% or with the lactic acid bacteria SafePro B-SF-43 (25 g/100 kg) reduced population to below the detection limit after 7 days of storage (4 °C plus modified atmosphere packaging). In fresh cheese, the application of PhageGuard Listex at 0.2 and 0.5% reduced counts by more than 3.4 logarithmic units after 6 days at 4 °C. In , the 1.0% of PhageGuard Listex reduced population by 0.7 ± 0.2 logarithmic units in front of control with no significant differences to other evaluated biopreservative agents. The present results confirm that the application of biopreservation techniques was able to inhibit in , cooked ham, and fresh cheese, and suggest that the type of food matrix and its physicochemical characteristics influence the biopreservative efficacy.
- ItemOpen AccessEvaluation of commercial anti-listerial products for improvement of food safety in ready-to-eat meat and dairy products(MDPI, 2023-02-19T23:00:00Z) Colás-Medà, Pilar; Viñas Almenar, Inmaculada; Alegre Vilas, IsabelIn ready-to-eat products, such as cooked ham, fresh cheese, and in which is a concern, the use of biopreservation techniques represents an additional hurdle to inhibit pathogen growth during storage. The objective of this study was to apply several biopreservation techniques in three different food matrices to reduce the growth of , used as a surrogate of . Several lactic acid bacteria, the bacteriocin nisin, the bacteriophage PhageGuard Listex P100, and the enzyme lysozyme were evaluated. Cooked ham treated with the bacteriophage PhageGuard Listex at 0.5% or with the lactic acid bacteria SafePro B-SF-43 (25 g/100 kg) reduced population to below the detection limit after 7 days of storage (4 °C plus modified atmosphere packaging). In fresh cheese, the application of PhageGuard Listex at 0.2 and 0.5% reduced counts by more than 3.4 logarithmic units after 6 days at 4 °C. In , the 1.0% of PhageGuard Listex reduced population by 0.7 ± 0.2 logarithmic units in front of control with no significant differences to other evaluated biopreservative agents. The present results confirm that the application of biopreservation techniques was able to inhibit in , cooked ham, and fresh cheese, and suggest that the type of food matrix and its physicochemical characteristics influence the biopreservative efficacy.
- ItemOpen AccessDetection and quantification of zearalenone and its modified forms in enzymatically treated oat and wheat flour(Springer, 2023) Pascari, Xenia; Weigel, Stefan; Marín Sillué, Sònia; Sanchís Almenar, Vicente; Maul, RonaldAn analytical method for the analysis of the mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEN) and its modifed forms was developed. Sample preparation was performed based on a modifed QuEChERS method combined with liquid chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometry detection. The method was tested for linearity, precision, limits of detection and quantifcation and recoveries. The evaluation of the above-mentioned parameters was performed on oat four. The method was applied to oat and wheat fours that were submitted to an amylolytic treatment (α-amylase and amyloglucosidase), similar to the one used in the cereal-based baby food production process. A decrease in β-zearalenol (β-ZEL) and β-ZEL-14-sulfate of approximately 40% after 90 min incubation was observed, the other analytes did not show any signifcant changes. To our knowledge, this is the frst method that approaches the identifcation and assessment of ZEN-sulfate derivates in a cereal matrix.
- ItemOpen AccessIn-season consumption of locally produced tomatoes decreases cardiovascular risk indices(MDPI, 2023) Ruiz de Azua, Ma. Josefina; Cruz-Carrión, Álvaro; Muguerza, Begoña; Aragonès, Gerard; Arola-Arnal, Anna; Romero Fabregat, Mª Paz; Bravo, Francisca Isabel; Suarez, ManuelTomatoes are widely consumed worldwide at any time of the year. However, depending on the variety, they have a characteristic season. We evaluated the consequences metabolic of consumption of Ekstasis tomatoes from different geographical origin and in different seasons in Fischer 344 rats. The hepatic gene expression of key enzymes in lipid metabolism was also evaluated. Animals were classified in three photoperiods (L6, L12, and L18) and in three treatments (vehicle: VH; local tomato: LT; and non-local tomato: nLT). We measured serum metabolic parameters and the gene expression of liver enzymes related to lipid metabolism (Acc1, Cpt1a, Had, Fas1, Srebp-1c, Fatp5, Cd36). LT consumption in season decreased cardiovascular risk 1 and coefficient atherogenic by 1.81 (p = 0.031) and in L6 decreased TAG and glucose (p = 0.046; p = 0.024). The L18-LT animals had decreased total cholesterol (p = 0.029) and gene expression of Srebp1-c (p = 0.022) but increased expression of Acc1 (p = 0.032). The treatments significantly affected the expression of Acc1 and Fas1 in the liver and the levels of serum TAG and glucose. A significant effect of photoperiod on serum concentration of glucose, insulin, HOMA index, and on the hepatic expression of Srep1-c, Fas1, and Acc1 was observed.