Articles publicats (Infermeria i Fisioteràpia)

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    Open Access
    Adaptation, implementation, and evaluation of an online health sciences training program for brief smoking intervention: A pre-post study in four European countries
    (Elsevier, 2023) Pardavila, Idoia; Moreno-Arroyo, Carmen; Romero-Clará, Olga; Tricas-Sauras, Sandra; Barroso, Tereza; Duaso, María; Vilaplana Mayoral, Jordi; Agüera, Zaida; Canga-Armayor, Navidad; Demedts, Dennis; Elliott, Rebecca; Godin, Isabelle; Fernández, Esteve; Hawkins, Sian; Dias Marques, Maria Isabel; Lavedán, Ana; Pueyo Garrigues, María; Puig, Montserrat; Roca Llobet, Judith; Sancho, Raúl; Torné Ruiz, Alba; Martínez, Cristina; INSTrUCT research group
    Background Tobacco cessation intervention has a positive impact on quality of care. For health professionals, limited competency in this area may be associated with poor training during their academic programs. There is a clear need to further develop and implement training programs to improve tobacco cessation knowledge, skills, and attitudes among healthcare students. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the innovative online training program “Brief Intervention in Smoking Cessation” for healthcare students to improve their knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Design A pre-post evaluation study with a satisfaction assessment tool was used. Setting Seven universities from four European countries, including Belgium, Portugal, Spain, and the United Kingdom, participated. Participants One thousand and seventy-two (1072) undergraduate students participated, with 851 completing the online program. Methods All participants completed the “Brief Intervention in Smoking Cessation” online program, which consisted of five theoretical modules, five videos, and three virtual simulation cases between January 2020 and June 2022. Knowledge was assessed by a multiple-choice test, and practical skills were assessed by a simulation algorithm, both of which were developed by education and smoking cessation experts. Competency was achieved when students successfully completed both assessments. Satisfaction was measured using an ad hoc 16-item questionnaire. Pre-post changes in knowledge were assessed using a paired Student's t-test. Results Eighty-six percent of the students achieved smoking cessation competency. Students significantly improved their knowledge score on a scale of 0 to 10 points, with a mean pre-program score of 3.79 vs a mean post-program score of 7.33 ([−3.7 - -3.4] p < 0.001), acquiring sufficient attitudes and skills (simulation mean of 7.4 out of 10 points). Students were highly satisfied with the program (8.2 out of 10) and recommended it to other students (8.4 out of 10). Conclusions The “Brief Intervention in Smoking Cessation” online training program is effective for the acquisition of smoking cess
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    Open Access
    Effect of a Home-Base Core Stability Exercises in Hereditary Ataxia. A Randomized Controlled Trial. A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
    (Wiley, 2024-04-02) Cabanas Valdés, Rosa; Fernández Lago, Helena; Peláez Hervás, Selma; Serra Rusiñol, Laura; López de Celis, Carlos; Masbernat Almenara, Maria
    Background Core stability exercises (CSE) have been shown to be effective in improving trunk function in several neurological diseases, but the evidence is scarce on Hereditary Ataxias (HA). Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a 5-week home-based CSE program in terms of ataxia severity, trunk function, balance confidence, gait speed, lower limb motor function, quality of life, health status and falls rate in HA individuals at short- and long-term. Methods This is an assessor-blind randomized controlled clinical trial parallel group 1:1. The individuals were divided in experimental group (EG) performed standard care in addition to CSE, and control group (CG) performed standard care alone. The CSE home-program was conducted 1-h/day, 5-day/week for 5-week. The assessment was performed at baseline, endpoint (5-week), and follow-up (10-week). The primary outcomes were ataxia severity assessed by the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia and trunk function assessed by Spanish-version of Trunk Impairment Scale 2.0. The secondary outcomes were balance confidence assessed by Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC), gait speed by 4-meter walk test (4-MWT), the lower limb motor function by 30-s sit-to-stand, quality of life by EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5L), health-status by EQ-5D and falls rate. Results Twenty-three HA individuals were recruited (51.8 ± 11.10 years). Statistically significant group-time interaction was shown in ABC (F:5.539; P = 0.007), EQ-5D-5L Total (F:4.836; P = 0.013), EQ 5D (F:7.207; P = 0.006). Conclusions No statistical differences between groups for ataxia severity and trunk function were observed. However, were differences for balance confidence, gait speed, quality of life, and falls rate in HA individuals.
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    Open Access
    Nursing students' attitude toward euthanasia following its legalization in Spain
    (Sage Journals, 2024-03-16) Arreciado Marañón, Antonia; García-Sierra, Rosa; Busquet-Duran, Xavier; Tort Nasarre, Glòria; Feijoo Cid, Maria
    Background: Euthanasia is a controversial practice in many countries. Since Spain's Euthanasia Law came into effect on March 24, 2021, healthcare providers have faced a new challenge since they must inform patients, provide care, accompany them, and implement the law. It also represents a new stumbling block at universities, which must adapt to regulatory changes and educate future professionals accordingly. Little is known about the attitude of nursing students in Spain toward euthanasia since this law was implemented. Objective: This study aims to answer the following research questions: What is the attitude of nursing students toward euthanasia? What factors influence this attitude? Research design: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire. Participants and research context: The study population comprised all nursing students at a public university in Barcelona (n = 444), Spain, during the 2022-2023 academic year. The validated Spanish version of the Euthanasia Attitude Scale was employed. A bivariate analysis was performed. Ethical considerations: The university Ethics Committee (CEEAH 6247) approved this study. All participating students signed an informed consent form. Participation was voluntary, and data anonymity and confidentiality were guaranteed. Results: Two hundred and forty-four nursing students responded to the questionnaire. The mean total score was 79.64. Participants with religious beliefs presented lower scores, indicating a more negative attitude toward euthanasia. Participants in their second, third, or fourth year of the nursing degree scored higher, demonstrating a more positive attitude. Conclusions: The attitude of nursing students toward euthanasia was remarkably positive. Working on ethical content during the degree course and clinical practice are factors that help to develop a more positive attitude. In addition, nursing education should encourage professional aspects to prevail over religious beliefs in euthanasia situations.
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    Open Access
    Human lifespan and sex-specific patterns of resilience to disease: a retrospective population-wide cohort study
    (BCM, 2024-01-08) Sol, Joaquim; Ortega Bravo, Marta; Portero Otín, Manuel; Piñol Ripoll, Gerard; Ribas-Ripoll, Vicent; Artigues i Barberà, Eva María; Buti, Miquel; Pamplona Gras, Reinald; Jové Font, Mariona
    Background: Slower paces of aging are related to lower risk of developing diseases and premature death. Therefore, the greatest challenge of modern societies is to ensure that the increase in lifespan is accompanied by an increase in health span. To better understand the differences in human lifespan, new insight concerning the relationship between lifespan and the age of onset of diseases, and the ability to avoid them is needed. We aimed to comprehensively study, at a population-wide level, the sex-specific disease patterns associated with human lifespan. Methods: Observational data from the SIDIAP database of a cohort of 482,058 individuals that died in Catalonia (Spain) at ages over 50 years old between the 1st of January 2006 and the 30th of June 2022 were included. The time to the onset of the first disease in multiple organ systems, the prevalence of escapers, the percentage of life free of disease, and their relationship with lifespan were evaluated considering sex-specific traits. Results: In the study cohort, 50.4% of the participants were women and the mean lifespan was 83 years. The results show novel relationships between the age of onset of disease, health span, and lifespan. The key findings include: Firstly, the onset of both single and multisystem diseases is progressively delayed as lifespan increases. Secondly, the prevalence of escapers is lower in lifespans around life expectancy. Thirdly, the number of disease-free systems decreases until individuals reach lifespans around 87-88 years old, at which point it starts to increase. Furthermore, long-lived women are less susceptible to multisystem diseases. The associations between health span and lifespan are system-dependent, and disease onset and the percentage of life spent free of disease at the time of death contribute to explaining lifespan variability. Lastly, the study highlights significant system-specific disparities between women and men. Conclusions: Health interventions focused on delaying aging and age-related diseases should be the most effective in increasing not only lifespan but also health span. The findings of this research highlight the relevance of Electronic Health Records in studying the aging process and open up new possibilities in age-related disease prevention that should assist primary care professionals in devising individualized care and treatment plans.
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    Educational interventions and identification of risk factors to prevent and reduce peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: A scoping review
    (Wiley, 2024-02-20) Fernàndez Labadía, Elena; Masot, Olga; Tejero Vidal, Lorena Lourdes; Botigué, Teresa; Bielsa Gracia, Sara
    Background: Peritonitis is a common and serious complication of peritoneal dialysis and is one of the main causes of peritoneal dialysis technique failure and long-term hemodialysis conversion. Objectives: The aim of the review was to identify and clarify peritonitis risk factors and learn about strategies employed at international level to prevent and reduce the occurrence of peritoneal dialysis associated infections and their complications. Design: A scoping review. Participants: Adults in pertitoneal dialysis. Measurements: The methodology framework of Arksey and O'Malley and PRISMA for Scoping Reviews guidelines were applied. A search was conducted of PubMed, Scopus and CINAHL using terms to identify peritoneal dialysis -associated risk factors and interventions carried out for the prevention and reduction of peritonitis in adult persons living at home. Results: The 17 studies selected were based on work carried out in nine different countries. Eleven articles analysed modifiable risk factors (low educational level, being a foreigner and low adherence to aseptic technique) and non-modifiable risk factors (age and comorbidities) that predispose to peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis. The other six studies applied an intervention to improve the prevalence of peritonitis considering educational practices adapted to patient characteristics and the application of retraining. Conclusions: Personalised patient training and the identification of risk factors for peritonitis are key to reducing complications and enhancing the survival of peritoneal dialysis patients and the effectiveness of the technique.