Abstract:This study explored the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of a risk-basedbreast cancer screening program from the point of view of Spanish health professionals. A cross-sectional study with 220 Spanish health professionals was designed. Data were collected in 2020 viaa web-based survey and included the advantages and disadvantages of risk-based screening andbarriers and facilitators for the implementation of the program. Descriptive statistics and Likert scaleresponses analyzed as category-ordered data were obtained. The risk-based screening was consideredimportant or very important to reduce breast cancer mortality and promote a more proactive role forwomen in breast cancer prevention, to increase coverage for women under 50 years, to promote abreast cancer prevention strategy for women at high risk, and to increase efficiency and effectiveness.Switching to a risk-based program from an age-based program was rated as important or veryimportant by 85% of participants. As barriers for implementation, risk communication, the workloadof health professionals, and limited human and financial resources were mentioned. Despite thebarriers, there is good acceptance, and it seems feasible, from the perspective of health professionals,to implement a risk-based breast cancer screening program in Spain. However, this poses a numberof organizational and resource challenges.