Moulds cause severe economic losses at different points of plant food commodities production, from the field to the final foodstuffs. Predictive modelling is an increasingly used tool applied to solve different issues in food production. In this opinion, we have dealt, in one hand, with the latest publications on predictive mycology used for early prediction of fungal spoilage of foods, as well as for assessing efficacy of antimicrobials in foods. Moreover, prediction models have been applied to assess the impact that climate change may have in the near future in terms of geographic fungal distribution and impact on mycotoxin occurrence. Finally, there is a growing interest on analysing fungal growth and mycotoxin contamination in cereals and nuts using infrared spectrometry models. All these cases exemplify the increasing interest of predictive modelling to assist decision making in different points of the food chain.