Multiple Resistance to Synthetic Auxin Herbicides and Glyphosate in Parthenium hysterophorus Occurring in Citrus Orchards

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2019-08-15Author
Mora, Andrés D.
Rosario, Jesús
Rojano-Delgado, Antonia M.
Palma-Bautista, Candelario
Alcántara-de la Cruz, Ricardo
Prado, Rafael de
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Mora, Andrés D.;
Rosario, Jesús;
Rojano-Delgado, Antonia M.;
Palma-Bautista, Candelario;
Torra Farré, Joel;
Alcántara-de la Cruz, Ricardo;
Prado, Rafael de;
.
(2019)
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Multiple Resistance to Synthetic Auxin Herbicides and Glyphosate in Parthenium hysterophorus Occurring in Citrus Orchards.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2019, vol. 67, num. 36, p. 10010-10017.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03988.
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Dominican farmers have started to apply synthetic auxin herbicides (SAHs) as the main alternative to mitigate the impacts of the occurrence of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Parthenium hysterophorus populations in citrus orchards. A GR P. hysterophorus population survived field labeled rates of glyphosate, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), dicamba, and picloram, which showed poor control (<50%). In in vivo assays, resistance levels were high for glyphosate and moderate for picloram, dicamba, and 2,4-D. Sequencing the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene revealed the double Thr-102-Ile and Pro-106-Ser amino acid substitution, conferring resistance to glyphosate. Additionally, reduced absorption and impaired translocation contributed to this resistance. Regarding SAH, impaired 2,4-D transport and enhanced metabolism were confirmed in resistant plants. The application of malathion improved the efficacy of SAHs (control >50%), showing that metabolism of these herbicides was mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes. This study reports, for the first time, multiple resistance to SAHs and glyphosate in P. hysterophorus.