and ideology to reinforce the bases of the Nation-State. In the Middle Ages, Islam as a civilisation reached far beyond the Pyrenees, although for a relatively short period. However, it consolidated itself in a good part of the Iberian Peninsula for at least four centuries. From a critical point of view, and that of research, here the treatment the medieval Islamic heritage has received in Catalonia is dealt with, while also seeking space for debate to improve the understanding of this enormous cultural heritage that has too often been forgotten or has been mythified.