A polymorphism in the fatty acid desaturase-2 gene is associated with the arachidonic acid metabolism in pigs

Gol, Sofia; Pena i Subirà, Ramona Natacha; Rothschild, Max Frederick; Tor i Naudí, Marc; Estany Illa, Joan

doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32710-w

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Issue date

2018-09-25

Author

Gol, Sofia

Pena i Subirà, Ramona Natacha

Rothschild, Max Frederick

Tor i Naudí, Marc

Estany Illa, Joan

Abstract

Arachidonic acid (C20:4) is related to a wide range of biological effects including lipid homeostasis. The fatty acid desaturase-2 (FADS2) gene encodes for the delta-6-desaturase, which is involved in the biosynthesis of C20:4 from linoleic acid (C18:2). The purpose of this study was to characterise

mutations in the promoter of the porcine FADS2, evaluating in particular the effect of one haplotype tagging polymorphism (rs321384923A > G) on the biosynthesis pathway of C20:4. A total of 1,192 Duroc barrows with records on fatty acid composition in muscle and subcutaneous fat were genotyped. Pigs carrying the A allele showed, irrespective of fat content, both enhanced FADS2 expression and higher C20:4 in muscle and exhibited increased ratios of C20:4 to C18:2 and of C20:4 to eicosadienoic acid (C20:2) in both muscle and adipose tissue. Despite the inverse relationship observed between C20:4 and fat content, the rs321384923 polymorphism had no impact on lean weight. It is concluded that the haplotype encompassing the rs321384923 polymorphism at the porcine FADS2 affects the n-6 fatty acid profile by specifically modifying the desaturation efficiency of C18:2 to C20:4 rather than by concomitant variations in C18:2 following changes in fat content.