Seradj, Ahmad Reza. (2015) . Study the effect of inclusion of feed flavonoid substances on animal performance and ruminal fermentation in calves. Universitat de Lleida. L.236-2015 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10803/288291.

The thesis includes the effect of Bioflavex®, an orange plant extract rich in flavonoids, on rumen fermentation and meat quality. Several experiments were performed, in the “in vivo” trials (Exp. 1,2 and 3) under acidosis conditions the plant extract blend, ameliorated pH decrease and improved the acetic/propionic ratio and relative abundance of lactate-consuming microorganism (M. elsdenii). The “in vitro” trials (Exp. 4 and 5) confirmed the “in vivo” findings and it was demonstrated that the effect of flavonoids blend relies in its main components, Naringine, Neohesperidine moreover the flavonoids blend reduced gas and methane production through a significant reduction in abundances of methanogenic archaeas. Finally, in the sixth “in vivo” experiment, the effect of Bioflavex® on carcass quality and fat color and stability of 32 young Friesian bulls was negligible.