Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical measures in preventing pediatric influenza: a case–control study

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Fecha de publicación
2015
Autor/a
Torner Gràcia, Núria
Soldevila, Núria
Garcia, Juan Jose
Launes, Cristian
Godoy i García, Pere
Castilla, Jesús
Domínguez García, Àngela
Otros autores/as
CIBERESP Cases and Controls in Pandemic Influenza Working Group, Spain
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Torner Gràcia, Núria; Soldevila, Núria; Garcia, Juan Jose; Launes, Cristian; Godoy i García, Pere; Castilla, Jesús; Domínguez García, Àngela; . (2015) . Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical measures in preventing pediatric influenza: a case–control study. BMC Public Health, 2015, vol. 15, núm. 1, p. 543. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1890-3.
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Resumen
Background: Hygiene behavior plays a relevant role in infectious disease transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) in preventing pediatric influenza infections. Methods: Laboratory confirmed influenza cases occurred during 2009–10 and 2010–11 seasons
matched by age and date of consultation. NPI (frequency of hand washing, alcohol-based hand sanitizer use and hand washing after touching contaminated surfaces) during seven days prior to onset of symptoms were obtained from parents of cases and controls. Results: Cases presented higher prevalence of underlying conditions such as pneumonia [OR = 3.23; 95 % CI: 1.38 – 7.58 p = 0.007], asthma [OR = 2.45; 95 % CI: 1.17 – 5.14 p = 0.02] and having more than 1 risk factor [OR = 1.67; 95 % CI: 0.99 – 2.82 p = 0.05]. Hand washing more than 5 times per day [aOR = 0.62; 95 % CI: 0.39 – 0.99 p = 0.04] was the only statistically significant protective factor. When considering two age groups (pre-school age 0–4 yrs and school age 5–17) yrs , only the school age group showed a negative association for influenza infection for both washing more than 5 times per day [aOR = 0.47; 95 % CI: 0.22 – 0.99 p = 0.04] and hand washing after touching contaminated surfaces [aOR = 0.19; 95 % CI: 0.04 – 0.86 p = 0.03]. Conclusion: Frequent hand washing should be recommended to prevent influenza infection in the community setting and in special in the school age group. Keywords: Influenza, Child, Non-pharmaceutical measures, Hand hygiene, Community setting, Prevention, Case control study
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http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49433
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1890-3
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BMC Public Health, 2015, vol. 15, núm. 1, p. 543
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