2024-03-28T22:13:47Zhttps://repositori.udl.cat/server/oai/requestoai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4634862023-06-10T03:00:20Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_68143col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_68144
Regional climate moderately influences species-mixing effect on tree growth-climate relationships and drought resistance for beech and pine across Europe
de Streel, G.
Lebourgeois, François
Ammer, Christian
Barbeito, I.
Bielak, Kamil
Bravo-Oviedo, A.
Brazaitis, G.
Coll Mir, Lluís
Dendrochronology
Ecological gradient
Species mixture
Fagus sylvatica
Pinus sylvestris
Increasing species diversity is considered a promising strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of global change on forests. However, the interactions between regional climate conditions and species-mixing effects on climate-growth relationships and drought resistance remain poorly documented. In this study, we investigated the patterns of species-mixing effects over a large gradient of environmental conditions throughout Europe for European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), two species with contrasted ecological traits. We hypothesized that across large geographical scales, the difference of climate-growth relationships and drought resistance between pure and mixed stands would be dependent on regional climate. We used tree ring chronologies derived from 1143 beech and 1164 pine trees sampled in 30 study sites, each composed of one mixed stand of beech and pine and of the two corresponding pure stands located in similar site conditions. For each site and stand, we used Bootstrapped Correlation Coefficients (BCCs) on standardized chronologies and growth reduction during drought years on raw chronologies to analyze the difference in climate-tree growth relationships and resistance to drought between pure and mixed stands. We found consistent large-scale spatial patterns of climate-growth relationships. Those patterns were similar for both species. With the exception of the driest climates where pure and mixed beech stands tended to display differences in growth correlation with the main climatic drivers, the mixing effects on the BCCs were highly variable, resulting in the lack of a coherent response to mixing. No consistent species-mixing effect on drought resistance was found within and across climate zones. On average, mixing had no significant effect on drought resistance for neither species, yet it increased pine resistance in sites with higher climatic water balance in autumn. Also, beech and pine most often differed in the timing of their drought response within similar sites, irrespective of the regional climate, which might increase the temporal stability of growth in mixed compared to pure stands. Our results showed that the impact of species mixing on tree response to climate did not strongly differ between groups of sites with distinct climate characteristics and climate-growth relationships, indicating the interacting influences of species identity, stand characteristics, drought events characteristics as well as local site conditions.
2023-06-09
2023-06-09
2022
2023-06-09
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120317
032968
0378-1127
https://repositori.udl.cat/handle/10459.1/463486
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120317
Forest Ecology and Management, 2022, vol. 520, 120317
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
cc-by-nc-nd (c) Elsevier, 2022
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/727352022-01-15T00:14:16Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Mycorrhization of Quercus mongolica seedlings by Tuber melanosporum alters root carbon exudation and rhizosphere bacterial communities
Wang, Yanliang
Wang, Ran
Lu, Bin
Guerin‑Laguette, Alexis
He, Xinhua
Yu, Fuqiang
Carbon assimilation
Ectomycorrhiza
Oak
Peat
Périgord black truffle
To study how ectomycorrhizas (ECMs) mediate plant performance and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities via altered physiological characteristics and root carbon exudation. Methods: Tuber melanosporum-colonized and uncolonized Quercus mongolica seedlings were grown on a substrate consisting of 41% peat, 41% pumice, 9% pine bark and 9% lime. Gas exchange fluorescence system, inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometer, high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, and 16S rRNA sequencing were used to analyze photosynthetic and nutritional characteristics, rhizosphere carbon exudates, and bacterial communities. Results: Tuber melanosporum mycorrhization increased leaf photosynthetic rate (69%), phosphorus concentration (94%), rhizosphere pH (0.4 units), rhizosphere acid phosphatase activity (33%) and total organic carbon (76%) in rhizosphere extracts but decreased leaf potassium concentration (26%) and rhizosphere organic anions (50%). Additionally, sugars including galactose were present in rhizosphere extract of colonized, but not uncolonized seedlings. Mycorrhization altered rhizosphere bacterial communities, with only ~ 10% operational taxonomic units (OTUs) shared between colonized and uncolonized seedlings; T. melanosporum colonized plants were enriched in actinobacteria. The differential abundances of other bacterial OTUs affected by T. melanosporum colonization were also correlated with variation in plant physiological and/or rhizosphere factors. Conclusion: Our results suggest that T. melanosporum ECM colonization may regulate carbon economy and rhizosphere bacterial communities of Q. mongolica seedlings grown in a previously sterilized peat-based substrate, to promote plant growth and nutrient cycling.
2022-01-14
2022-01-14
2021
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05112-7
0032-079X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/72735
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05112-7
Plant and Soil, 2021, vol. 467, núm. 1-2, p. 391- 403
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Wang et al., 2021
Springer
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4641932023-10-17T03:00:16Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_49298com_10459.1_239col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49299col_10459.1_10984
Drip Irrigation Soil-Adapted Sector Design and Optimal Location of Moisture Sensors: A Case Study in a Vineyard Plot
Arnó Satorra, Jaume
Uribeetxebarria Alonso de Armiño, Asier
Llorens Calveras, Jordi
Escolà i Agustí, Alexandre
Rosell Polo, Joan Ramon
Gregorio López, Eduard
Martínez Casasnovas, José Antonio
Irrigation zoning
ECa mapping
Soil sampling
Vine
To optimise sector design in drip irrigation systems, a two-stage procedure is presented and applied in a commercial vineyard plot. Soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) mapping and soil purposive sampling are the two stages on which the proposal is based. Briefly, ECa data to wet bulb depth provided by the VERIS 3100 soil sensor were mapped before planting using block ordinary kriging. Looking for simplicity and practicality, only two ECa classes were delineated from the ECa map (k-means algorithm) to delimit two potential soil classes within the plot with possible different properties in terms of potential soil water content and/or soil water regime. Contrasting the difference between ECa classes (through discriminant analysis of soil properties at different systematic sampling locations), irrigation sectors were then designed in size and shape to match the previous soil zoning. Taking advantage of the points used for soil sampling, two of these locations were finally selected as candidates to install moisture sensors according to the purposive soil sampling theory. As these two spatial points are expectedly the most representative of each soil class, moisture information in these areas can be taken as a basis for better decision-making for vineyard irrigation management.
2023-10-16
2023-10-16
2023
2023-10-16
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092369
033460
2073-4395
https://repositori.udl.cat/handle/10459.1/464193
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092369
Agronomy-Basel, 2023, vol. 13 (9), 2369
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by, (c) Arnó et al., 2023
MDPI
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/576632021-08-30T14:56:40Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Functional diversity and grazing intensity in sub-alpine and alpine grasslands in Andorra
Komac, Benjamin
Pladevall, Clara
Domènech Ferrés, Marta
Fanlo Domínguez, Rosario
Grazing
Pastures
Questions: Humans are altering land use and impacting grazing intensities worldwide in alpine and sub-alpine grasslands, and functional diversity (FD) is a useful tool for predicting changes in these grassland communities and for improving biodiversity conservation. We asked: (1) how does functional richness (FRic) differ between the five predominant grassland types in Andorra (2) of these five grassland types, which plant communities are subject to high habitat filtering and which are driven primarily by competitive interactions; (3) are certain grassland communities more prone to degradation than others; and (4) how do grazing intensity and elevation influence variations in FD indices? Locations: Five types of sub-alpine and alpine grassland communities dominated by Festuca airoides, F.eskia, F.gautieri, F.paniculata and Nardus stricta in Andorra, at various elevations and with differing grazing intensities within a grassland type. Methods: We used multiple functional diversity indices and structural equation modelling (SEM) to determine how grazing intensity, elevation, species richness and productivity affect functional diversity in 222 vegetation transects. Results: Both plant diversity and functional richness were higher at higher grazing intensities, with the highest values found in the F.gautieri and F.paniculata grasslands and lowest in the Nardus stricta, F.airoides and F.eskia grasslands. Habitat filtering was observed in F.airoides grasslands. There was a general tendency for higher competitive interactions among plants at higher elevations and/or when species diversity increased. None of the five grassland communities considered appears disturbed, and all present similar functional attributes between dominant species. Conclusions: Our results highlight the fact that grazing is an integral part of Andorran mountain grasslands, acting as a structural component and providing higher functional richness in the most grazed communities
2016-07-21
2025-01-01
2015-01
2016-07-21
article
https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12119
021258
1402-2001
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/57663
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12119
Applied Vegetation Science, 2015, vol. 18, num. 1, p. 75-85
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) Wiley, 2015
Wiley
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/445272020-07-14T08:39:40Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Survival of wild adults of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) under natural winter conditions in north east Spain
Peñarrubia María, Esther
Avilla Hernández, Jesús
Escudero Colomar, L. Adriana
The overwintering of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) at the northern limits of its geographic distribution is not yet well known. With the aim of estimating the survival rate of medfly adults in northeast Spain under natural winter conditions, a two-winter-season trial was carried out. A control was carried out in a climatic chamber at 25°C. The results showed that medfly adults were unable to survive the entire winter season in the Girona area. Climatic conditions, including the daily minimum temperature, daily maximum temperature and the high rainfall, appeared to be involved in adult mortality in winter.
2012-01-30
2012-01-30
2012
article
https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/497087
017823
0033-2615
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/44527
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/497087
Psyche, 2012, vol. 2012, ID 497087, p. 1-6
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/deed.ca
cc-by, (c) Peñarrubia-María, Avilla, Escudero-Colomar, 2012
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/725392021-12-14T00:22:01Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
Metal tolerance protein MTP6 is involved in Mn and Co distribution in poplar
Yang, Fengming
Gao, Yongfeng
Liu, Jikai
Chen, Zihao
Resco de Dios, Víctor
Gao, Qian
Zhang, Meng
Peng, Zhuoxi
Yao, Yinan
Metal tolerance protein
Pre-vacuolar compartment
Manganese
Cobalt
Metal distribution
Poplar
With the booming demand of the electric vehicle industry, the concentration of manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co) flowing into land ecosystems has also increased significantly. While these transition metals can promote the growth and development of plants, they may become toxic under high concentrations. It is thus important to understand how Mn and Co are distributed in plants to develop novel germplasms for the remediation of these heavy metals in contaminated soils. Here, an MTP gene that encodes the CDF (cation diffusion facilitator) protein in Populus trichocarpa, PtrMTP6, was screened as the key gene involved in the distribution of both Mn and Co in poplar. The PtrMTP6-GFP fusion protein was co-localized with the mRFP-VSR2, showing that PtrMTP6 proteins are present at the pre-vacuolar compartment (PVC). Yeast mutant complementation assays further identified that PtrMTP6 serves as a Mn and Co transporter, reducing yeast cell toxicity after exposure to excessive Mn or Co. Histochemical analyses showed that PtrMTP6 was mainly expressed in phloem, suggesting that PtrMTP6 probably involved in the Mn and Co transport via phloem in plants. Under excess Co, PtrMTP6 overexpressing poplar lines were more severely damaged than the control due to higher Co accumulations in young tissue. PtrMTP6 overexpressing lines showed little change in their tolerance to excess Mn, although young tissues also accumulated more Mn. PtrMTP6 play important roles in Mn and Co distribution in poplar and further research on its regulation will be important to increase bioremediation in Mn and Co polluted ecosystems.
2021-12-13
2021-12-13
2021-12-15
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112868
1090-2414
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/72539
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112868
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 2021, vol. 226, núm. 112868, p. 1-11
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
cc-by-cn-nd (c) Yang et al., 2021
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/651352023-02-10T19:50:59Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_239col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_10984col_10459.1_49291
Gene and QTL detection in a three-way barley cross under selection by a mixed model with kinship information using SNPs
Malosseti, Marcos
Eeuwijk, Fred A. van
Boer, Martin P.
Casas Cendoya, Ana Maria
Elía Martínez, Mónica
Moralejo Vidal, Mª Angeles
Bhat, Prasanna R.
Ramsay, Luke D.
Molina Cano, José Luis
Quantitative Trait Locus
Recombinant Inbred Line
Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis
Segregation Distortion
Quantitative trait locus (QTL) detection is commonly performed by analysis of designed segregating populations derived from two inbred parental lines, where absence of selection, mutation and genetic drift is assumed. Even for designed populations, selection cannot always be avoided, with as consequence varying correlation between genotypes instead of uniform correlation. Akin to linkage disequilibrium mapping, ignoring this type of genetic relatedness will increase the rate of false-positives. In this paper, we advocate using mixed models including genetic relatedness, or ‘kinship’ information for QTL detection in populations where selection forces operated. We demonstrate our case with a three-way barley cross, designed to segregate for dwarfing, vernalization and spike morphology genes, in which selection occurred. The population of 161 inbred lines was screened with 1,536 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and used for gene and QTL detection. The coefficient of coancestry matrix was estimated based on the SNPs and imposed to structure the distribution of random genotypic effects. The model incorporating kinship, coancestry, information was consistently superior to the one without kinship (according to the Akaike information criterion). We show, for three traits, that ignoring the coancestry information results in an unrealistically high number of marker–trait associations, without providing clear conclusions about QTL locations. We used a number of widely recognized dwarfing and vernalization genes known to segregate in the studied population as landmarks or references to assess the agreement of the mapping results with a priori candidate gene expectations. Additional QTLs to the major genes were detected for all traits as well.
2018-11-19
2018-11-19
2011
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-011-1558-z
015186
0040-5752
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/65135
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-011-1558-z
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, vol. 122, núm. 8, p. 1605–1616
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MEC//AGL2005-07195-C02-02/ES/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MEC//GEN2006-28560-E/ES/ACCESO DE GRUPOS ESPAÑOLES A UNA PLATAFORMA GENOMICA INTERNACIONAL EN DESARROLLO PARA LA CEBADA/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
cc-by-nc (c) Marcos Malosetti et al., 2011
Springer Verlag
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/675842020-02-28T11:03:21Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
Globe-LFMC, a global plant water status database for vegetation ecophysiology and wildfire applications
Yebra, Marta
Scortechini, Gianluca
Badi, Abdulbaset
Beget, María Eugenia
Boer, Matthias M.
Bradstock, Ross A.
Chuvieco Salinero, Emilio
Danson, F. Mark
Dennison, Philip
Resco de Dios, Víctor
Di Bella, Carlos M.
Forsyth, Greg
Frost, Philip
García, Mariano
Hamdi, Abdelaziz
He, Binbin
Jolly, Matt
Kraaij, Tineke
Martín, M. Pilar
Mouillot, Florent
Newnham, Glenn
Nolan, Rachael H.
Pellizzaro, G.
Qi, Yi
Quan, Xingwen
Riaño, David
Roberts, Dar
Sow, Momadou
Ustin, Susan
Live fuel moisture content
Databases
Wildfire
Vegetation
Globe-LFMC is an extensive global database of live fuel moisture content (LFMC) measured from 1,383 sampling sites in 11 countries: Argentina, Australia, China, France, Italy, Senegal, Spain, South Africa, Tunisia, United Kingdom and the United States of America. The database contains 161,717 individual records based on in situ destructive samples used to measure LFMC, representing the amount of water in plant leaves per unit of dry matter. The primary goal of the database is to calibrate and validate remote sensing algorithms used to predict LFMC. However, this database is also relevant for the calibration and validation of dynamic global vegetation models, eco-physiological models of plant water stress as well as understanding the physiological drivers of spatiotemporal variation in LFMC at local, regional and global scales. Globe-LFMC should be useful for studying LFMC trends in response to environmental change and LFMC influence on wildfire occurrence, wildfire behavior, and overall vegetation health.
2019-11-20
2019-11-20
2019-08-21
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0164-9
029504
2052-4463
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/67584
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0164-9
Scientific Data, 2019, vol. 6, article number 155
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Yebra et al., 2019
Springer Nature
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/697292023-03-27T12:30:22Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_239col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_10984col_10459.1_49291col_10459.1_44504
Inactivation of rice starch branching enzyme IIb triggers broad and unexpected changes in metabolism by transcriptional reprogramming
Baysal, Can
He, Wenshu
Drapal, Margit
Villorbina Noguera, Gemma
Medina Piles, Vicente
Capell Capell, Teresa
Khush, Gurdev S.
Zhu, Changfu
Fraser, Paul
Christou, Paul
Endosperm
High-amylose rice
metabolomics
Starch biosynthesis
transcriptomics
Starch properties can be modified by mutating genes responsible for the synthesis of amylose and amylopectin in the endosperm. However, little is known about the effects of such targeted modifications on the overall starch biosynthesis pathway and broader metabolism. Here we investigated the effects of mutating the OsSBEIIb gene encoding starch branching enzyme IIb, which is required for amylopectin synthesis in the endosperm. As anticipated, homozygous mutant plants, in which OsSBEIIb was completely inactivated by abolishing the catalytic center and C-terminal regulatory domain, produced opaque seeds with depleted starch reserves. Amylose content in the mutant increased from 19.6 to 27.4% and resistant starch (RS) content increased from 0.2 to 17.2%. Many genes encoding isoforms of AGPase, soluble starch synthase, and other starch branching enzymes were up-regulated, either in their native tissues or in an ectopic manner, whereas genes encoding granule-bound starch synthase, debranching enzymes, pullulanase, and starch phosphorylases were largely down-regulated. There was a general increase in the accumulation of sugars, fatty acids, amino acids, and phytosterols in the mutant endosperm, suggesting that intermediates in the starch biosynthesis pathway increased flux through spillover pathways causing a profound impact on the accumulation of multiple primary and secondary metabolites. Our results provide insights into the broader implications of perturbing starch metabolism in rice endosperm and its impact on the whole plant, which will make it easier to predict the effect of metabolic engineering in cereals for nutritional improvement or the production of valuable metabolites.
2020-10-28
2021-04-06
2020-10-05
2020-10-28
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014860117
030561
0027-8424
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/69729
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014860117
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020, vol. 117, num. 42, p. 26503-26512
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/613513
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-097613-B-I00/ES/ELUCIDACION DEL MECANISMO RESPONSABLE DE LA ACUMULACION Y ESTABILIDAD DEL B-CAROTENO EN EL ENDOSPERMO DEL MAIZ/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PGC2018-097655-B-I00/ES/INVESTIGAR EL MECANISMO DE REACTIVACION DE PROMOTORES QUE SE ENCUENTRAN LATENTES EN EL ENDOSPERMO PARA SU USO EN INGENIERIA METABOLICA RESULTANDO EN PLANTAS NO TRANSGENICAS/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AGL2017-85377-R/ES/IMPACTO DE LAS PRACTICAS DE CULTIVO EN PLANTAS DE ARROZ QUE ACUMULAN UNA COMBINACION DE MICROBICIDAS EN EL ENDOSPERMO DE SUS SEMILLAS/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Baysal, Can et al., 2020
National Academy of Sciences
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/663942022-10-20T12:20:28Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Quantifying pine processionary moth defoliation in a pine-oak mixed forest using unmanned aerial systems and multispectral imagery
Cardil Forradellas, Adrián
Otsu, Kaori
Pla, Magda
Silva, Carlos Alberto
Brotons, Lluís
Processionària del pi
Defoliació
Pine processionary moth (PPM) feeds on conifer foliage and periodically result in outbreaks leading to large scale defoliation, causing decreased tree growth, vitality and tree reproduction capacity. Multispectral high-resolution imagery acquired from a UAS platform was successfully used to assess pest tree damage at the tree level in a pine-oak mixed forest. We generated point clouds and multispectral orthomosaics from UAS through photogrammetric processes. These were used to automatically delineate individual tree crowns and calculate vegetation indices such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and excess green index (ExG) to objectively quantify defoliation of trees previously identified. Overall, our research suggests that UAS imagery and its derived products enable robust estimation of tree crowns with acceptable accuracy and the assessment of tree defoliation by classifying trees along a gradient from completely defoliated to non-defoliated automatically with
81.8% overall accuracy. The promising results presented in this work should inspire further research and applications involving a combination of methods allowing the scaling up of the results on multispectral imagery by integrating satellite remote sensing information in the assessments over large spatial scales.
2019-05-29
2019-05-29
2019-03-19
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213027
032713
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/66394
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213027
PLoS ONE, 2019, vol. 14, núm. 3, e0213027
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by, (c) Cardil et al., 2019
Public Library of Science
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/680422023-03-27T12:39:05Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_49298col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49299col_10459.1_49291
LFuji-air dataset: annotated 3D LiDAR point clouds of Fuji apple trees for fruit detection scanned under different forced air flow conditions
Gené Mola, Jordi
Gregorio López, Eduard
Auat Cheein, Fernando A.
Guevara, Javier
Llorens Calveras, Jordi
Sanz Cortiella, Ricardo
Escolà i Agustí, Alexandre
Rosell Polo, Joan Ramon
fruit detection
fruit location
Yield prediction
lidar
Terrestrial LIDAR scanners
This article presents the LFuji-air dataset, which contains LiDAR based point clouds of 11 Fuji apples trees and the corresponding apples location ground truth. A mobile terrestrial laser scanner (MTLS) comprised of a LiDAR sensor and a real-time kinematics global navigation satellite system was used to acquire the data. The MTLS was mounted on an air-assisted sprayer used to generate different air flow conditions. A total of 8 scans per tree were performed, including scans from different LiDAR sensor positions (multi-view approach) and under different air flow conditions. These variability of the scanning conditions allows to use the LFuji-air dataset not only for training and testing new fruit detection algorithms, but also to study the usefulness of the multi-view approach and the application of forced air flow to reduce the number of fruit occlusions. The data provided in this article is related to the research article entitled 'Fruit detection, yield prediction and canopy geometric characterization using LiDAR with forced air flow' [1].
2020-02-18
2020-02-18
2020
2020-02-18
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105248
029802
2352-3409
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68042
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105248
Data in Brief, 2020, vol. 29, 105248 (pp.7)
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68782
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AGL2013-48297-C2-2-R/ES/HERRAMIENTAS DE BASE FOTONICA PARA LA GESTION AGRONOMICA Y EL USO DE PRODUCTOS FITOSANITARIOS SOSTENIBLE EN CULTIVOS ARBOREOS EN EL MARCO DE LA AGRICULTURA DE PRECISION/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-094222-B-I00/ES/TECNOLOGIAS DE AGRICULTURA DE PRECISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL MANEJO DEL DOSEL FOLIAR Y LA PROTECCION FITOSANITARIA SOSTENIBLE EN PLANTACIONES FRUTALES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Gené, Jordi et al., 2020
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/465532023-03-27T12:39:06Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Aspereza equivalente de ríos con contorno granular grueso
López Alonso, Raúl
Aspereza equivalente
Rugosidad equivalente
Ríos de grava
Ríos de montaña
Resistencia al flujo
El concepto de aspereza equivalente (ks) permite relacionar la resistencia al flujo de cauces de contorno granular con el tamaño de las partículas que lo conforman, mediante la ley logarítmica de distribución vertical de velocidad de la corriente. En este artículo se revisa el estado del conocimiento acerca de los criterios para la predicción de dicha relación con el objetivo de brindar una guía para la selección de los mismos. Pese a que el análisis de las experiencias compiladas desvela la dispersión de resultados, a efectos prácticos se recomienda para ríos de grava y de montaña: ks 3•d90; ks 3,4•d84 y ks 7•d50. Dicha dispersión y el hecho de que ks sea varias veces superior al diámetro medio del sedimento puede atribuirse en diferente grado: a la heterogeneidad del sedimento en lechos naturales, a las formas de fondo, al transporte sólido de fondo,así como a las limitaciones del modelo logarítmico de distribución de velocidad bajo ciertas condiciones de flujo. La predicción de ks en función de variables estadísticas del campo de elevaciones del lecho se ha revelado como una alternativa con una elevada capacidad explicativa, por lo que en la medida que avancen las técnicas microtopográficas se consolidará esta vía como el método del futuro.
The concept of equivalent roughness (ks) allows the flow resistance of granular boundary channels to be related
to the size of the particles that make them up, through the logarithmic law of vertical distribution of the flow velocity. This
article reviews the state of knowledge about the criteria for predicting this relation with the aim of presenting a guide for
selecting them. Although the analysis of the experiments compiled explains the wide range of results, for practical purposes,
ks ≈ 3·d90; ks ≈ 3,4·d84 and ks ≈ 7·d50. are recommended for mountain and gravel bed rivers. This dispersion, and the fact that
ks is several times higher than the average diameter of the sediment, can, to a varying degree, be attributed to the
heterogeneity of the sediment in natural beds, the bed forms, the bedload transport, or the limitations of the logarithmic
model of velocity distribution under certain flow conditions. The prediction of ks depending on statistical variables in the
field of bed elevations has been shown to be an alternative with a high explicative capacity, thus, as progress is made in
micro-topographic techniques, this method will become a technique for the future.
2013-04-04
2013-04-04
2007
article
010890
0213-8468
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/46553
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a: http://hispagua.cedex.es/documentacion/articulo/58563
Ingeniería civil, 2007, núm. 145, p. 91-99
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Centro de Estudios y Experimentación de Obras Públicas, 2007
Centro de Estudios y Experimentación de Obras Públicas
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/589412021-08-30T15:04:30Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Tillage effects on water storage during fallow, and on barley root growth and yield in two contrasting soils of the semi-arid Segarra region in Spain
Lampurlanés Castel, Jorge
Angás Pueyo, Pedro
Cantero-Martínez, Carlos
Root length density
Soil water
Conservation tillage
Fallow
In semi-arid areas under rainfed agriculture water is the most limiting factor of crop production. To investigate the best way to perform fallow and its effect on soil water content (SWC) and root growth in a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop after fallow, an experiment was conducted on two soils in La Segarra, a semi-arid area in the Ebro Valley (Spain). Fallow was a traditional system used in these areas to capture out-of-season rainfall to supplement that of the growing period, usually lasting 16 months, from July to October of the next year. Soil A was a loamy fine Fluventic Xerochrept (Haplic Calcisol, FAO) of 120 cm depth and Soil B was a loamy Lithic Xeric Torriorthent (Calcaric Regosol, FAO) of only 30 cm depth. The experiment was continued for four fallow-crop cycles in Soil A and for two in Soil B. In Soil A, three tillage systems were compared: subsoil tillage (ST), minimum tillage (MT) and no-tillage (NT). In Soil B, only MT and NT were compared. In the fields cropped to barley, SWC and root length density (LV) were measured at important developmental stages during the season, lasting from October to June. In the fallow fields SWC was also monitored. Here, evaporation (EV), water storage (WS) and water storage efficiency (WSE) were calculated using a simplified balance approach. The fallow period was split in two 8-month sub-periods: July–February (infiltration) and March–October evaporation (EV). In Soil A, values of WSE were in the range 10–18% in 1992–1993, 1993–1994 and 1994–1995 fallow, but fell to 3% in 1995–1996. Among tillage systems, NT showed significantly greater WSE in the July–February sub-period of 1992–1993 and 1993–1994 fallow, but significantly lower WSE in the March–October sub-period, due to greater EV under NT. Consequently, no differences in total WSE were found between tillage systems. In Soil B, WSE was low, about 3–7%, and there were no difference between tillage systems. During the crop period, the differences in SWC and LV between tillage systems were small. Regarding yields, the best tillage system depended on the year. NT is potentially the best system for executing fallow, but residues of the preceding crop must be left spread over the soil.
2017-01-11
2025-01-01
2002
article
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(01)00285-9
004766
0167-1987
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58941
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(01)00285-9
Soil and Tillage Research, 2002, vol. 65, núm. 2, p. 207-220
MIECI/PN1988-1991/AGR91-312
MIECI/PN1992-1995/AGF94-198
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) Elsevier Science B.V., 2002
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/843882023-11-09T12:39:52Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_68143col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_68144col_10459.1_49291col_10459.1_44504
Trajectories of wildfire behavior under climate change. Can forest management mitigate the increasing hazard?
Elza Miezïte, Lauma
Améztegui González, Aitor
De Cáceres, Miquel
Coll Mir, Lluís
Morán-Ordóñez, Alejandra
Vega García, Cristina
Rodrigues, Marcos
Fire behavior
Climate change
Forest dynamics
EU-forest policies
Fuel moisture
Mediterranean forests and fire regimes are closely intertwined. Global change is likely to alter both forest dynamics and wildfire activity, ultimately threatening the provision of ecosystem services and posing greater risks to society. In this paper we evaluate future wildfire behavior by coupling climate projections with simulation models of forest dynamics and wildfire hazard. To do so, we explore different forest management scenarios reflecting different narratives related to EU forestry (promotion of carbon stocks, reduction of water vulnerability, biomass production and business-as-usual) under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 climate pathways in the period 2020–2100. We used as a study model pure submediterranean Pinus nigra forests of central Catalonia (NE Spain). Forest dynamics were simulated from the 3rd National Forest Inventory (143 stands) using SORTIE-nd software based on climate projections under RCPs 4.5 and 8.5. The climate products were also used to estimate fuel moisture conditions (both live and dead) and wind speed. Fuel parameters and fire behavior were then simulated, selecting crown fire initiation potential and rate of spread as key indicators. The results revealed consistent trade-offs between forest dynamics, climate and wildfire. Despite the clear influence exerted by climate, forest management modulates fire behavior, resulting in different trends depending on the climatic pathway. In general, the maintenance of current practices would result in the highest rates of crown fire activity, while management for water vulnerability reduction is postulated as the best alternative to surmount the increasingly hazardous conditions envisaged in RCP 8.5.
2022-11-28
2022-11-28
2022
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116134
032983
1095-8630
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/84388
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116134
Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, vol. 322, núm.116134, p. 1-11
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101003890/EU/FirEUrisk
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-116556RA-I00/ES/TRAYECTORIAS DE PELIGRO DE INCENDIO BAJO ESCENARIOS DE CAMBIO CLIMATICO Y DE GESTION/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
cc-ny-cn-nd (c) Elza Miezïte et al., 2022
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/733372023-12-07T09:06:33Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_68143col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_68144col_10459.1_49291
Drivers of nocturnal stomatal conductance in C3 and C4 plants
Chowdhury, Faqrul Islam
Arteaga López, Carles
Alam, Mohammad Shafiul
Alam, Iftakharul
Resco de Dios, Víctor
Nocturnal stomatal conductance
Transpiration
Evapotranspiration
Circadian clock
Nocturnal water losses were for long considered negligible, but it is now known that incomplete stomatal closure during the night leads to significant water losses at leaf, plant and ecosystem scales. However, only daytime transpiration is currently accounted for in evapotranspiration studies. Important uncertainties on the drivers of nocturnal water fluxes hinder its incorporation within modelling frameworks because some studies indicate that night-time stomatal drivers may differ from day-time responses. Here, we synthesise the studies on nocturnal stomatal conductance (gn) to determine underlying drivers through a systematic literature review and, whenever possible, meta-analytical techniques. Similar to daytime responses, we found negative effects of vapour pressure deficit, predawn water potential, air temperature, and salinity on gn across the plant species. However, the most apparent trend was an increase of gn from the beginning until the end of the night, indicating significant and widespread endogenous regulation by the circadian clock. We further observed how neither elevated CO2 nor nutrient status affected gn significantly across species. We also did not find any significant associations between gn and elevated ozone or increasing plant age. There was a paucity of studies on climatic extremes such heat waves and also few studies connected gn with anatomical features such as leaf specific area or stomatal density. Further studies are also needed to address the effects of plant sex, abscisic acid concentrations and genotypic variations on gn. Our findings solve the long-term conundrum on whether stomatal responses to daytime drivers are the same as those that during the nighttime.
2022-03-21
2022
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151952
0048-9697
1879-1026
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/73337
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151952
Science of The Total Environment, 2022, vol. 814, p. 151952
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-094691-B-C31/ES/PAPEL DE LA EVOLUCION DE LOS FENOTIPOS INTEGRADOS EN LA RESILIENCIA DE LOS PINOS MEDITERRANEOS EN UN AMBIENTE CAMBIANTE/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
cc-by-nc-nd (c) Elsevier, 2021
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/465182023-03-27T12:39:06Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Captación de escorrentía superficial en redes de drenaje urbano
López Alonso, Raúl
Escorrentía
Els sistema de captación superficial en redes alcantarillado, imbornales y rejas, es el encargo de que la escorrentía se introduzca en los colectores, por lo que su papel en el drenaje es fundamental. A pesar de lo obvio de la consideración que antecede, en la práctica no se presta la suficiente atención al cálculo de dicho sistema de captación. Diversos son los motivos, entre ellos, la falta de información sobre la capacidad hidráulica de las estructuras comercializadas. El presente artículo pretende contribuir a que se tome en consideración la necesidad de optimizar el diseño de los sistemas de captación, para evitar funcionamientos ineficaces de la red de colectores de nuestras poblaciones.
2013-03-13
2013-03-13
2000
article
001271
0210-0479
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/46518
spa
Cimbra, 2000, núm. 332, p. 36-39
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Colegio de Ingenieros Técnicos de Obras Públicas (Madrid), 2000
Colegio de Ingenieros Técnicos de Obras Públicas (Madrid)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4653832024-03-27T03:00:18Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
Reply to: Satellite artifacts modulate FireCCILT11 global burned area
Cardil Forradellas, Adrián
Rodrigues, Marcos
Barbero, Renaud
Ramírez, Joaquin
Stoof, Cathelijne
Silva, Carlos Alberto
Mohan, Midhun
Gelabert Vadillo, Pere Joan
Miguel Magaña, Sergio de
Ortega, Macarena
Climate
Comparative study
Eastern Europe
Pattern recognition
2024-03-26
2024-03-26
2024
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org10.1038/s41467-024-46169-z
2041-1723
https://repositori.udl.cat/handle/10459.1/465383
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org10.1038/s41467-024-46169-z
Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, núm. 1, p. 1-3
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by, (c) Cardil et al., 2024
Attribution 4.0 International
Nature Research
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/650752023-02-10T20:26:19Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Genetic markers for doubled haploid response in barley
Chen, Xi-Wen
Cistué Solá, Luis
Muñoz-Amatriaín, María
Sanz, Miguel
Romagosa Clariana, Ignacio
Castillo Alonso, Ana María
Vallés, María-Pilar
Anther culture
Barley
Doubled haploid (DH)
Microspore embryogenesis
In order to analyse the genetic control of anther culture response in barley, a doubled haploid (DH) population from the cross between a medium responsive cultivar ‘Dobla’ and the model cultivar ‘Igri’ was produced. A linkage map was constructed with 91 markers. A sub-population of 41 lines was characterised for different components of the anther culture response, and was used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. The vrs1 locus region on chromosome 2H, which determines inflorescence row type, was coincident with the largest putative QTL for number of embryos (nEMB) and albino plants. A region of chromosome 6H was associated with QTLs for nEMB and green plants. QTLs for number and percentage of green plants were located on the long arm of chromosome 5H. Therefore, new QTLs for main components of barley anther culture response were identified on chromosomes 2H, 5H and 6H, indicating that anther culture response in barley could be controlled by relative few genes of large effect. This work is a useful step towards the identification of new regions on the barley genome that could be associated with fundamental biological process implicated in the anther culture response.
2018-11-12
2018-11-12
2007
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-006-9310-5
006166
0014-2336
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/65075
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-006-9310-5
Euphytica, 2007, vol. 158, núm. 3, p. 287-294
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MIECU//PB97-1159/ES/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICYT//TIC2003-00950/ES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Springer Verlag, 2007
Springer Verlag
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/661812019-04-12T00:06:54Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_238col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_309
Software para la mejora del aprendizaje del cálculo estructural en ingeniería y arquitectura.Programa Barras V-2.0, Universitat de Lleida
Bradineras, F. Javier
Castro Chicot, José Ramón
Iglesias Rodríguez, José María
Martorell, Ingrid
Nogués Aymamí, Miquel
Roca Enrich, Joan
Autoaprendizaje
Cálculo matricial
Estructuras
Actualmente, para abordar el cálculo estructural en la Universitat de Lleida existe
software de uso profesional. Los dos grandes inconvenientes para aplicarlo como herramienta de
docencia son, su alto coste económico y el hecho de que no facilita el aprendizaje del alumnado,
puesto que únicamente permite obtener los resultados finales del cálculo, sin posibilidad de
estudiar cuáles han sido los pasos realizados ni los valores de cálculo intermedios.
La Universitat de Lleida, ha promovido la elaboración de un software de cálculo
estructural aplicando el método matricial de la rigidez, para que el estudiante, de forma
autodidacta, sea capaz de generar sus propios ejemplos y validar, tanto las soluciones finales
como los resultados intermedios. De esta forma el estudiante podrá conocer los puntos críticos
donde los errores son más habituales y será capaz de resolverlos de forma autónoma.
Nowadays, professional software exist to allow structural calculation learning in the
University of Lleida. There are two main drawbacks for its application as a teaching tool: its high
cost and the inability for showing intermediate values of calculation; therefore, students are not
able to check intermediate steps. The University of Lleida has promoted the development of an structural analysis software
applying the matrix stiffness method. The target is to achieve students being able to generate
their own examples and validate both, the final solutions and the intermediate results, in a selflearning
way. That procedure allows to find out the critical items where errors are commonly
made, in order that students are able to fix them by themselves.
2019-04-11
2019-04-11
2012
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
2385-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/66181
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a https://www.cidui.org/revistacidui/index.php/cidui/article/view/379/373
Revista del CIDUI, 2012, núm. 1, p. 1-27
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Martorell, et al., 2012
CIDUI Congrés Internacional de Docència Universitària i Innovació
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/470672018-12-17T12:53:35Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_49452col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49454
Models de gestió per a la producció combinada de fusta i bolets en boscos de Pinus sylvestris
Martínez de Aragón, Juan
Bonet Lledos, José Antonio
Piqué i Nicolau, Míriam
Beltrán, Mario
El bosc mediterrani ens proporciona una gran quantita de productes i serveis que poden contribuir a la riquesa i el benestar de la societat. La combinació dels diferents productes i serveis a través de models de gestió forestal multiobjectiu, com és el cas de la producció de fusta i bolets, permet avançar cap a la millora del potencial productiu del bosc i la preservació de les masses forestals.
2014-03-19
2014-03-19
2013
article
018612
2014-2838
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/47067
cat
Reproducció del document publicat a http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/DAR/menuitem.c96967afd0fe21bf6f51ec10b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=943f292672cec310VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=943f292672cec310VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default
Silvicultura, 2013, núm. 66, p. 14-17
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Centre de la Propietat Forestal, 2013
Centre de la Propietat Forestal
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/842472023-10-11T12:42:47Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
Functional expression of the nitrogenase Fe protein in transgenic rice
Baysal, Can
Burén, Stefan
He, Wenshu
Jiang, Xi
Capell Capell, Teresa
Rubio, Luis
Christou, Paul
Engineering cereals to express functional nitrogenase is a long-term goal of plant biotechnology and would permit partial or total replacement of synthetic N fertilizers by metabolization of atmospheric N2. Developing this technology is hindered by the genetic and biochemical complexity of nitrogenase biosynthesis. Nitrogenase and many of the accessory proteins involved in its assembly and function are O2 sensitive and only sparingly soluble in non-native hosts. We generated transgenic rice plants expressing the nitrogenase structural component, Fe protein (NifH), which carries a [4Fe-4S] cluster in its active form. NifH from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus was targeted to mitochondria together with the putative peptidyl prolyl cis‐trans isomerase NifM from Azotobacter vinelandii to assist in NifH polypeptide folding. The isolated NifH was partially active in electron transfer to the MoFe protein nitrogenase component (NifDK) and in the biosynthesis of the nitrogenase iron-molybdenum cofactor (FeMo-co), two fundamental roles for NifH in N2 fixation. NifH functionality was, however, limited by poor [4Fe-4S] cluster occupancy, highlighting the importance of in vivo [Fe-S] cluster insertion and stability to achieve biological N2 fixation in planta. Nevertheless, the expression and activity of a nitrogenase component in rice plants represents the first major step to engineer functional nitrogenase in cereal crops.
2022-11-19
2022-11-19
2022
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03921-9
033494
2399-3642
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/84247
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03921-9
Communications Biology, 2022, vol. 5, art. 1006.
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Can Baysal et. al., 2022
Springer Science
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4630852023-03-21T03:00:25Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
1-octadecene, A Female Produced Aggregation Pheromone of the Coffee White Stem Borer (Xylotrechus quadripes)
Mangalgikar, Prashant
Madhura Bhanu, Karumuru Raja
Belavadi, Vasuki
Vinod Kumar, P K.
Ammagarahalli Munishamappa, Byrappa
Coffee
Entrainment method
Live-beetle trap
Pheromone blend
Coffee white stem borer, Xylotrechus quadripes is a serious insect pest of coffee across the world. Pheromone traps baited with male produced 2-hydroxy- 3-decanone (2H3D) attracted females, and also males. Interestingly, a pair of males and females in a cage attracted more beetles compared to 2H3D traps. We hypothesized volatiles emitted from females are perceived by males. Volatiles from females were collected through the air entrainment method and identified 1-octadecene by using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Release of 1-octadecene was female specific, however, both male and female antennae elicited responses in chromatography-electroantennography. Electroantennogram responses were dose-dependent in both sexes and were higher in the antennae of females. Combination of male pheromone component 2H3D, and female produced 1-octadecene at 1:2 ratio increased both male (0.69 ± 0.13; mean ± SEM in -mV) and female (0.98 ± 0.20) antennal responses. Responses to constant doses of 2H3D and increasing doses of 1-octadecene (1:4, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10) were not different from male pheromone alone. Beetle captures to male pheromone alone at 3 different doses (75, 150 and 300 mg) were not significantly different from a pair of live beetle traps. A blend of 2H3D and 1-octadecene at 1:2 ratio trapped more beetles (3.50 ± 0.65; mean ± SEM) over 2H3D alone (2.00 ± 0.82), overall, our experiments suggest 1-octadecene is an aggregation pheromone. Our results support the hypothesis that males use 1-octadecene in mate finding, and potential to use it for monitoring and mass trapping.
2023-03-20
2023-03-20
2023
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9020173
2311-7524
https://repositori.udl.cat/handle/10459.1/463085
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9020173
Horticulturae, 2023, vol. 9, núm. 2, p. 1-13
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Mangalgikar et al., 2023
Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/465092023-03-27T12:39:06Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Características hidráulicas y geomorfológicas de ríos de montaña (II)
López Alonso, Raúl
En el primer artículo, de una serie de tres destinados a una síntesis del estado del conocimiento acerca de la hidráulica y la geomorfología fluvial que se desarrollan en ríos de montaña, se puso de manifiesto el papel absolutamente determinante de las cuencas montanas en los recursos hídricos mundiales. Asimismo, se describieron los rasgos definitorios de las tres categorías de flujo consideradas en cauces de montaña en función de la concentración del sedimento transportado (de baja concentración, hiperconcentrado y lava torrencial). En este segundo artículo se exponen las principales características hidráulicas del flujo de baja concentración de sedimento.
2013-03-08
2013-03-08
2005
article
008585
0210-0479
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/46509
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a: http://www.citop.es/publicaciones/documentos/Cimbra362_05.pdf
Cimbra, 2005, núm. 362, p. 20-23
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Colegio de Ingenieros Técnicos de Obras Públicas (Madrid), 2005
Colegio de Ingenieros Técnicos de Obras Públicas (Madrid)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/719282023-10-06T10:07:44Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Are portable polyethylene tents reliable for imposing heat treatments in field-grown wheat?
Kim, Jinwook
Slafer, Gustavo A.
Savin, Roxana
High-temperature
Global warming
Climate change
Field
Wheat
Environmental variability has increased in recent decades and there are high expectations that heat waves will affect wheat productivity. Therefore, methods to quantify the effects of high temperature on wheat growth, yield, and yield-related traits under field conditions are greatly needed. In this opinion paper, we first describe the different approaches to quantify these effects, briefly highlighting their pros and cons. Portable polyethylene tents over the plots are cost-effective and convenient when relatively large plots are preferred and/or when there is no access to electricity in the field. This method shares a drawback with other approaches due to the tent reducing light intensity and altering other environmental factors like wind, humidity and evapotranspiration. We discuss to what degree there is an actual confounding effect (incorrectly assigning changes to heat effects that might be in part due to lower radiation). In that context, we not only discuss the issue theoretically, but also present results from a field experiment comparing a control (open uncovered plot), and a "roof-only" treatment (covering the plot with a polyethylene roof alone; thus impacting incoming radiation but not temperature). These treatments were imposed at either booting or the onset of grain filling, and testing two wheat cultivars having contrasting grain numbers per m2 and average grain weight. Supporting a theoretical framework that this reduced radiation would be compensated by increased radiation use efficiency, we show empirically that the roof-only treatment (which reduced incoming photosynthetically active radiation by 10.7 ± 0.2 % at noon on sunny days, but did not alter the temperature at any time of the day) did not result in any yield penalty with respect to the uncovered control plots. Thus, portable polyethylene tents are a reliable method to impose heat treatments in field experiments. Although other methods are more sophisticated and may be perceived as having fewer confounding factors, portable polyethylene tents are ideally suited to irrigated field experiments where electricity is not available, where relatively large plots are needed, and for research carried out on a limited budget.
2021-09-27
2021
2021-09-27
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108206
031360
0378-4290
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/71928
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108206
Field Crops Research, 2021, vol. 271, núm. 108206
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-096213-B-I00/ES/PLASTICIDAD FENOTIPICA DEL RENDIMIENTO Y CALIDAD DE TRIGO EN RESPUESTA A GOLPES DE CALOR EN FASES REPRODUCTIVAS DE GENOTIPOS CONTRASTANTES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es
cc-by-nc-nd, (c) Elsevier, 2021
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/493512023-01-27T14:59:08Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_49298col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49299col_10459.1_49291
A review of methods and applications of the geometric characterization of tree crops in agricultural activities
Rosell Polo, Joan Ramon
Sanz Cortiella, Ricardo
Terrestrial laser scanning
LIDAR
Stereo vision
Ultrasonic sensors
This paper presents the foundations and applications in agriculture of the main systems used for the geometrical characterization of tree plantations, including systems based on ultrasound, digital photographic techniques, light sensors, high-resolution radar images, high-resolution X-ray computed tomography, stereo vision and LIDAR sensors. Amongst these, LIDAR laser scanners and stereo vision systems are probably the most promising and complementary techniques for achieving 3D pictures and maps of plants and canopies. The information about the geometric properties of plants provided by these techniques has innumerable applications in agriculture. Some important agricultural tasks that can benefit from these plant-geometry characterization techniques are the application of pesticides, irrigation, fertilization and crop training. In the field of pesticide application, knowledge of the geometrical characteristics of plantations will permit a better adjustment of the dose of the product applied, improving the environmental and economic impact. However, it is still necessary to resolve several technological and commercial questions. The former include improving detection systems, especially with regard to developing software for the post-processing steps and improving the speed of calculation and decision making. Amongst the latter, it is essential to produce low cost sensors and control systems in order to facilitate large-scale deployment. Obtaining a precise geometrical characterization of a crop at any point during its production cycle by means of a new generation of affordable and easy-to-use detection systems, such as LIDAR and stereo vision systems, will help to establish precise estimations of crop water needs as well as valuable information that can be used to quantify its nutritional requirements. If accurate, this can provide valuable information on which to base more sustainable irrigation and fertilizer dosages. These would be able to meet crop needs and could also be used as part of specific management systems, based on prescription maps, for the application of variable quantities of water and fertilizers. The availability of measurement tools that allow a precise geometric characterization of plantations will also facilitate and enhance research aimed at developing better crop training systems that ensure an optimal distribution of light within the treetops and higher fruit quality. It is therefore of vital importance to continue devoting major efforts to the development of increasingly accurate, robust and affordable systems capable of measuring the geometric characteristics of plantations, which support the development of the different areas of a sustainable and precision agriculture.
2016-01-20
2016-01-20
2012
article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2011.09.007
017523
0168-1699
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49351
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2011.09.007
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2012, vol. 81, p. 124-141
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICYT//AGL2002‐04260‐C04‐02/ES/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MEC//AGL2007-66093-C04-03/ES/REDUCCION DEL USO DE PRODUCTOS FITOSANITARIOS EN CULTIVOS ARBOREOS. OPTIMIZACION DE LA DOSIS DE APLICACION EN TRATAMIENTOS MECANIZADOS DE FRUTALES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Elsevier, 2012
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/586322023-03-27T12:56:53Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Seasonal patterns of belowground biomass and productivity in mountain grasslands in the Pyrenees
Garcia i Pausas, Jordi
Casals, Pere
Romanyà i Socoró, Joan
Vallecillo Rodríguez, Sara
Sebastià, Ma. T.
Belowground biomass
Grazing exclusion
Mountain grasslands
Given the importance of root dynamics for
soil C storage, the aim of this study was to analyze
first the seasonal dynamics of belowground productivity
and then the short-term effects of grazing
exclosure on root dynamics in mountain grasslands.
Soil coring and root ingrowth cores were used to
assess belowground biomass (BGB) and productivity
in grazed and ungrazed (grazing exclosures) plots in
two mountain grasslands. Annual belowground production
ranged from 472 to 590 gm−2, representing
from 14 to 22% of the maximum root biomass
measured over the year. Spring was the most
productive season, accounting for more than 50% of
total annual production, indicating that factors besides
temperature may affect seasonal root dynamics.
Although belowground production was much higher
in the top 5 cm compared to deeper, the relative
productivity rate (production-to-BGB ratio) and renewal
time was higher at the subsurface (5–15 cm)
layer. The contribution of the subsurface layer to total
belowground production increased in spring, possibly
due to occasional freezing events at the
uppermost layer in the early growing season. The
stronger seasonality in subsurface relative productivity
rates may reflect depth-dependent changes in
root characteristics and lifespan. Excluding grazing
increased belowground productivity in summer, but
its effects on BGB showed great variability
between sites.
2016-11-24
2025-01-01
2011
article
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0601-1
015578
0032-079X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58632
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0601-1
Plant and Soil, 2011, vol. 340, núm. 1, p. 315-326
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICYT//REN2002-04300-C02-02/ES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) Springer Verlag, 2011
Springer Verlag
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/683492023-03-27T12:39:06Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Plasticity in growth, biomass allocation and root morphology in beech seedlings as induced by irradiance and herbaceous competition
Curt, Thomas
Coll Mir, Lluís
Prevosto, Bernard
Balandier, Philippe
Kunstler, Georges
Biomass allocation
Fagus sylvatica L.
Fine-root architecture
Irradiance
Biomass increment, biomass allocation and fine-root morphology were compared on four-year old Fagus sylvatica seedlings growing under low (11% relative irradiance), medium (14-19%) or high (46%) irradiance under natural Pinus sylvestris canopies, and under full light in a weeded meadow in the French Massif Central. Significant differences in biomass increment were found among plots in relation to light regime and interspecific competition. Light regime had little effect on shoot-to-root ratio and biomass allocation, but had a clear impact on above- and belowground morphological variables. Beech seedlings displayed a lower specific root length (SRL) and a higher specific leaf area (SLA) under shade, thus indicating morphological adjustment to shade. Similarly, competition from herbaceous vegetation had a negligible effect on seedling growth and biomass allocation, but significant impact on fine-root morphology. Low SLA and high SRL values at high irradiance coincided with high growth increments.
L'accroissement de biomasse, les patrons d'allocation de biomasse et la morphologie des racines fines ont été comparés sur des plants de hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L.) de quatre ans installés sous un boisement naturel de pin sylvestre à faible, moyen et fort éclairement (11 %, 14-19 % et 46 % d'irradiance relative), et en pleine lumière dans une prairie désherbée du Massif Central français. Les plants ont montré des différences significatives d'accroissement en biomasse selon l'éclairement relatif et l'intensité de la compétition avec le pin et les herbacées. L'éclairement a peu affecté le ratio biomasse aérienne / biomasse racinaire et l'allocation de biomasse au sein des différents compartiments, mais a eu un impact clair sur la morphologie foliaire et racinaire des plants. Les hêtres subissant un fort ombrage présentaient des racines fines peu ramifiées (faible longueur spécifique racinaire, SRL) et des feuilles peu épaisses (forte surface spécifique foliaire, SLA), ce qui suggère une faible capacité d'accès aux ressources du sol et un ajustement à une faible énergie lumineuse. De même, la végétation herbacée a eu un faible impact sur la croissance des hêtres et l'allocation de biomasse, mais a affecté significativement la morphologie de leur racines fines. Au total, des valeurs de SLA faibles et de SRL fortes à fort éclairement correspondent à de forts taux d'accroissement en biomasse.
2020-03-26
2020-03-26
2005
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2004092
028880
1286-4560
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68349
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2004092
Annals of Forest Science, 2005, vol. 62, núm. 1, p. 51-60
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), 2005
(c) EDP Sciences, 2005
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
EDP Sciences
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/720492022-10-10T20:00:30Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291col_10459.1_44504
Contributions of the international plant science community to the fight against infectious diseases in humans - part 2: endemic and re-emerging diseases
He, Wenshu
Baysal, Can
Lobato, Maria
Huang, Xin
Alvarez, Derry
Zhu, Changfu
Armario-Nájera, Victoria
Blanco Perera, Amaya
Cerda, Pedro
Saba-Mayoral, Andrea
Sobrino-Mengual, Guillermo
Vargheese, Ashwin
Abranches, Rita
Abreu, Isabel Alexandra
Balamurugan, Shanmugaraj
Bock, Ralph
Buyel, Johannes F.
Cunha, Nicolau B. da
Daniell, Henry
Faller, Roland
Folgado, André
Gowtham, Iyappan
Häkkinen, Suvi
Kumar, Shashi
Sathish Kumar, Ramalingam
Lacorte, Cristiano
Lomonossoff, George P.
Luís, Ines M.
Ma, Julian K-C
McDonald, Karen A.
Murad, Andre
Nandi, Somen
O'Keef, Barry
Parthiban, Subramanian
Paul, Mathew J.
Ponndorf, Daniel
Rech, Elibio
Rodrigues, Julio C. M.
Ruf, Stephanie
Schillberg, Stefan
Schwestka, Jennifer
Shah, Priya S.
Singh, Rahul
Stoger, Eva
Twyman, Richard M.
Varghese, Inchakalody P.
Vianna, Giovanni R.
Webster, Gina
Wilbers, Ruud H. P.
Christou, Paul
Oksman-Caldentey, Kirsi-Marja
Capell Capell, Teresa
Molecular farming
Plant-
made pharmaceuticals
Oral delivery
Endemic disease
Re-emerging disease
The fight against infectious diseases often focuses on epidemics and pandemics, which demand urgent resources and command attention from the health authorities and media. However, the vast majority of deaths caused by infectious diseases occur in endemic zones, particularly in developing countries, placing a disproportionate burden on underfunded health systems and often requiring international interventions. The provision of vaccines and other biologics is hampered not only by the high cost and limited scalability of traditional manufacturing platforms based on microbial and animal cells, but also by challenges caused by distribution and storage, particularly in regions without a complete cold chain. In this review article, we consider the potential of molecular farming to address the challenges of endemic and re-emerging diseases, focusing on edible plants for the development of oral drugs. Key recent developments in this field include successful clinical trials based on orally delivered dried leaves of Artemisia annua against malarial parasite strains resistant to artemisinin combination therapy, the ability to produce clinical-grade protein drugs in leaves to treat infectious diseases and the long-term storage of protein drugs in dried leaves at ambient temperatures. Recent FDA approval of the first orally delivered protein drug encapsulated in plant cells to treat peanut allergy has opened the door for the development of affordable oral drugs that can be manufactured and distributed in remote areas without cold storage infrastructure and that eliminate the need for expensive purification steps and sterile delivery by injection.
2021-10-13
2021-10-13
2021-04-06
2021-10-13
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13658
031654
1467-7644
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/72049
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13658
Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2021, vol. 19, p. 1921-1936
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/774078/EU/Pharma-Factory
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/760331/EU/Newcotiana
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101000373/EU/InnCoCells
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/669982/EU/GENEVOSYN
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AGL2017-85377-R/ES/IMPACTO DE LAS PRACTICAS DE CULTIVO EN PLANTAS DE ARROZ QUE ACUMULAN UNA COMBINACION DE MICROBICIDAS EN EL ENDOSPERMO DE SUS SEMILLAS/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-097613-B-I00/ES/ELUCIDACION DEL MECANISMO RESPONSABLE DE LA ACUMULACION Y ESTABILIDAD DEL B-CAROTENO EN EL ENDOSPERMO DEL MAIZ/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PGC2018-097655-B-I00/ES/INVESTIGAR EL MECANISMO DE REACTIVACION DE PROMOTORES QUE SE ENCUENTRAN LATENTES EN EL ENDOSPERMO PARA SU USO EN INGENIERIA METABOLICA RESULTANDO EN PLANTAS NO TRANSGENICAS/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es
cc-by (c) He, Wenshu et al., 2021
Wiley
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/588082023-03-27T12:39:07Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Analysis of factors influencing deployment of fire suppression resources in Spain using artificial neural networks
Costafreda Aumedes, Sergi
Cardil Forradellas, Adrián
Molina Terrén, Domingo
Daniel, Sarah N.
Mavsar, Robert
Vega García, Cristina
Fire Management
Neural Networks
Regional Models
In Spain, the established fire control policy states that all fires must be controlled
and put out as soon as possible. Though budgets have not restricted
operations until recently, we still experience large fires and we often face
multiple-fire situations. Furthermore, fire conditions are expected to worsen
in the future and budgets are expected to drop. To optimize the deployment
of firefighting resources, we must gain insights into the factors affecting how
it is conducted. We analyzed the national data base of historical fire records in
Spain for patterns of deployment of fire suppression resources for large fires.
We used artificial neural networks to model the relationships between the
daily fire load, fire duration, fire type, fire size and response time, and the
personnel and terrestrial and aerial units deployed for each fire in the period
1998-2008. Most of the models highlighted the positive correlation of burned
area and fire duration with the number of resources assigned to each fire and
some highlighted the negative influence of daily fire load. We found evidence
suggesting that firefighting resources in Spain may already be under duress in
their compliance with Spain’s current full suppression policy.
2016-12-13
2016-12-13
2015
article
https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor1329-008
022378
1971-7458
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58808
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor1329-008
iForest : Biogeosciences and Forestry, 2016, vol. 9, p. 138-145
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) iForest : Biogeosciences and Forestry, 2014
Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology (SISEF)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/684192023-03-27T12:39:07Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_68143col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_68144
History matters: previous land use changes determine post-fire vegetation recovery in forested Mediterranean landscapes
Puerta-Piñero, Carolina
Espelta Morral, Josep Maria
Sánchez Humanes, Belén
Rodrigo, Anselm
Coll Mir, Lluís
Brotons, Lluís
Global change
Mediterranean forest
Quercus
Pinus
Passive restoration
Land use changes and shifts in disturbance regimes (e.g. wildfires) are recognized worldwide as two of the major drivers of the current global change in terrestrial ecosystems. We expect that, in areas with large-scale land use changes, legacies from previous land uses persist and affect current ecosystem responses to climate-associated disturbances like fire. This study analyses whether post-fire vegetation dynamics may differ according to specific historical land use histories in a Mediterranean forest landscape of about 60,000 ha that was burnt by extensive fires. For that, we assessed land use history of the whole area through the second half of the XXth century, and evaluated the post-fire regeneration success in terms of: (i) forest cover and (ii) tree species composition (biotic-dispersed, resprouter species, Quercus spp. vs. wind-dispersed species with or without fire-resistant seed bank, Pinus spp.). Results showed that stable forest areas exhibited a higher post-fire recovery than younger forests. Furthermore, the longer since crop abandonment translates into a faster post-fire recovery. Results highlight that to anticipate the impacts of disturbances on ecosystems, historical land trajectories should be taken into account.
2020-04-02
2020-04-02
2012-06-23
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.05.020
028864
0378-1127
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68419
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.05.020
Forest Ecology and Management, 2012, vol. 279, p. 121-127
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
cc-by-nc-nd (c) Elsevier, 2012
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/843862022-12-01T14:19:15Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Establishment and Expansion of harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in urban green areas in the Iberian Peninsula: from 2015 to 2021
Meseguer, Roberto
Lumbierres, Belen
Pons i Domènech, Xavier
Aphidophagous ladybirds
Adalia bipunctata
Oenopia conglobata
Liriodendron tulipifera
Tilia platyphyllos
Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a widespread invasive ladybird. In this study, we determine its occurrence and expansion in urban areas of the Iberian Peninsula after 2014. We also define the aphidophagous ladybird species complex in urban areas of the northeastern Iberian Peninsula and track any changes between 2015 and 2021. The expansion of the species mainly occurred in Catalonia (northeast Iberian Peninsula), where spring and summer populations on trees and shrubs and overwintering aggregations were recorded. The records of H. axyridis populations allow us to distinguish between two areas: one that has already been invaded and another that has not yet been invaded. The relative abundance of the ladybird species in each area is determined on a yearly basis. In the invaded area, H. axyridis became dominant two years after its detection, replacing Adalia bipunctata. This change in species prevalence is more pronounced in trees highly infested with aphids. In the not yet invaded area, changes in species dominance also occurred, and A. bipunctata replaced Oenopia conglobata from 2020 onwards. The yearly release of this ladybird in urban green areas for aphid control purposes could explain this shift. This study defines the current situation of H. axyridis in the Iberian Peninsula, and determines the main changes in ladybird species assemblages during the last few years.
2022-11-28
2022-11-28
2022
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13080741
032783
2075-4450
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/84386
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13080741
Insects, 2022, vol. 13, núm. 8, p.1-10
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by, (c) Meseguer et al., 2022
MDPI
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/474022023-03-27T12:39:07Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
El regadiu a Lleida. Resultats de diverses avaluacions a la zona regable dels canals d'Urgell (Lleida)
Cots Rubió, Lluís
Monserrat Viscarri, Joaquín
Barragán Fernández, Javier
Recursos hídrics
Reg
Avaluació
Modernització
Lleida
Canals d'Urgell
En este artículo hacemos una descripción de las superficies regadas en la provincia de Lleida y la demanda de agua que representan respecto a lasaportaciones en régimen natural.
Se presentan los resultados de las evaluaciones del riego a diferentes escalas, realizadas por el grupo de investigación en los últimos veinte años en el área regada de los canales de Urgell,donde el riego predominante es el riego por superficie.
Se observa que la calidad del riego por superficie está muy condicionada por el tipo de suelo donde se aplica.
A medida que el dominio de la zona evaluada es mayor se pone de manifiesto como el aprovechamiento del agua aumenta con respecto a la obtenida en parcela o en pequeñas zonas de riego.
Este hecho no es atribuible sólo al incremento del peso que suponen los suelos idóneos para el riego por superficie, sino también a la reutilización que se hace del agua, debido a la escasez del recurso.
Se valoran las ventajas e inconvenientes que presenta la modernización de los regadíos, así como diferentes maneras de realizarla.
Finalmente, semuestran los resultados de la simulación de la modernización del área regada por los canales de Urgell y las repercusiones que conllevaría en cuanto al aprovechamiento del agua, observándose que la modernización del regadío
no conlleva un ahorro de agua o liberación de recursos para otros usos,como se cree, sino un incremento del consumo y una disminución de los recursos disponibles aguas abajo.
En aquest article fem una descripció de les superfícies regades a la demarcació de Lleida i la demanda d’aigua que representen enfront de les aportacions en règim natural. Es donen els resultats de les avaluacions del reg a diferents escales, obtingudes pel grup de recerca al llarg dels últims vint anys a l’àrea regada pels canals d’Urgell, on el reg predominant és el reg a tesa. S’observa que la qualitat del reg a tesa està molt condicionada pel tipusde sòl on s’aplica. A mesura que l’àmbit de la zona de reg avaluada és mésgran, es fa palès com l’aprofitament de l’aigua augmenta respecte a l’obtinguda en parcel·la o en petites zones de reg. Aquest fet no és atribuïble sols al pes que suposen els sòls idonis per al reg a tesa, sinó també a la reutilització que es fa de l’aigua, a causa de l’escassetat del recurs. Es valoren els avantatges i inconvenients que presenta la modernització dels regadius, així com diferents maneres de realitzar-la. Finalment, es mostren els resultats de la simulació de la modernització de l’àrea regada pels canals d’Urgell i les repercussions que comportaria quant a l’aprofitament de l’aigua, i s’observa que la modernització del regadiu no comporta un estalvi d’aigua o alliberació de recursos per a altres usos, com es creu, sinó un increment del consum i una disminució dels recursos disponibles aigües avall.
2014-07-17
2014-07-17
2014
article
https://doi.org/10.2436/20.1503.01.33
021318
0213-0319
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/47402
cat
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.2436/20.1503.01.33
Quaderns agraris, 2014, núm. 36, p. 23-50
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
cc-by-nc-nd, (c) Cots et al., 2014
Institució Catalana d’Estudis Agraris
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/682532022-02-02T12:19:29Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
Plant species colonization in newly created road habitats of South Korea: insights for more effective restoration
Son, Deokjoo
Alday, Josu G.
Chu, Yeounsu
Lee, Eun Ju
Park, Shinyeong
Lee, HyoHyeMi
Road construction
Roadcut
Embankment
Plant diversity
Species richness
Despite the advances in restoration methods for newly created road habitats such as roadcuts and embankments, implementation in different parts of the world is limited by high cost and lack of knowledge of naturally formed plant communities. However, a cheaper alternative is to relay in natural successional process in sites under optimal conditions. Thus, the first steps should focus on identifying plant species that colonize roadways and road habitats as well as optimal colonization sites. Our study aimed to describe species composition, exotic species presence, and diversity among four roadways (Jeongok-Youngjung, JG; Seolma-Gueup, SM; Singal, SG; and Samga-Daechon, DC) and three habitat types (embankments, plain areas, and roadcuts) in South Korean peninsula. The effect of some environmental factors on plant composition was also examined (soil type, soil slope, and surrounding landscape). Our results showed that established plant species composition was influenced by the interaction between roadways and habitats types, which was also the main interaction affecting plant richness and evenness. Surprisingly, environmental variables had no effect on plant species composition, with a residual amount of explained variation. A total of 48 plant species were described as indicator of different roadways and habitat types, and 50% of them were invasive or cultivated species. It appeared that different regional-dependent processes, such as northern vs. southern roadways, interact with local process in new-road habitats, producing complex patterns of plant species colonization and composition. Thus, ecological restoration solutions should be targeted at site-specific needs (local) while taking into consideration the differences between northern and southern roadways (regional). Here, regional-pool and local-constraints interaction controls plant composition and diversity during road construction in South Korea. Finally, new restoration actions should be based on plant species that have been established spontaneously in these degraded areas.
2020-03-18
2020-03-18
2020-02-20
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137476
030780
0048-9697
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68253
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137476
Science of the Total Environment, 2020, vol. 719, article number 137476, p. 1-9
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
cc-by-nc-nd (c) Son, Deokjoo et al., 2020
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/585242021-08-30T15:04:29Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Soil carbon dioxide flux and organic carbon content: effects of tillage and nitrogen fertilization
Morell Soler, Francisco Joaquín
Cantero-Martínez, Carlos
Lampurlanés Castel, Jorge
Plaza Bonilla, Daniel
Álvaro-Fuentes, Jorge
Conventional Tillage
Nitrogen level factor
Growing season
Th e response of soil CO2 fl ux to long-term tillage practices (no-tillage, NT; minimum tillage, MT; conventional
tillage, CT) and N fertilization level (zero; medium, 60 kg N ha–1; high, 120 kg N ha–1) was studied during three
growing season in a rainfed Mediterranean agroecosystem. Soil CO2 fl ux was related to the crop growth, with the
highest fl ux during spring (i.e., March–May). Tillage and N fertilization eff ects on soil CO2 fl ux during growing
seasons depended on weather conditions: greater soil CO2 fl ux under MT and NT on dry years, greater under
CT and MT on a wet year. Nitrogen fertilization aff ected soil CO2 fl ux during this wet growing season: fl ux
with N fertilizer additions was higher than fl ux on the unfertilized plots. Th irteen years aft er establishment of the
experiment, the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock under long-term NT was 3.9 Mg C ha–1 greater than under CT
and 4.3 Mg C ha–1 greater than under MT. Th e SOC stocks with N fertilizer additions were 4 Mg C ha–1 greater
than the stock on unfertilized plots. Th e increase of C inputs with N fertilization was more pronounced under NT
than under MT or CT. For this reason the increased response of SOC stock to N fertilization is expected under
NT in a longer period of time. Th e product between soil water content and soil temperature explained between 75
and 94% of the seasonal variability of soil CO2 fl ux. However, soil CO2 fl ux and SOC stock were hardly related.
2016-11-16
2025-01-01
2011
article
https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2011.0030
017309
0361-5995
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58524
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2011.0030
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2011, vol. 75, núm. 5, p. 1874-1884
MIECI/PN2004-2007/AGL2004-07763-C02-02
MIECI/PN2004-2007/AGL2007-66320-C02-02/AGR
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) Soil Science Society of America, 2011
Soil Science Society of America
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/486942022-10-27T09:46:16Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_49452col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49454col_10459.1_49291col_10459.1_44504
Point processes statistics of stable isotopes: analysing water uptake patterns in a mixed stand of Aleppo pine and Holm oak
Comas Rodríguez, Carles
Castillo Díaz, Jorge del
Voltas Velasco, Jordi
Ferrio Díaz, Juan Pedro
Cross-pair correlation function
Deuterium
Mark correlation function
Oxygen–18
Aim of study: Understanding inter- and intra-specific competition for water is crucial in drought-prone environments. However,
little is known about the spatial interdependencies for water uptake among individuals in mixed stands. The aim of this work was
to compare water uptake patterns during a drought episode in two common Mediterranean tree species, Quercus ilex L. and Pinus
halepensis Mill., using the isotope composition of xylem water (δ18O, δ2
H) as hydrological marker.
Area of study: The study was performed in a mixed stand, sampling a total of 33 oaks and 78 pines (plot area= 888 m2
). We
tested the hypothesis that both species uptake water differentially along the soil profile, thus showing different levels of tree-to-tree
interdependency, depending on whether neighbouring trees belong to one species or the other.
Material and Methods: We used pair-correlation functions to study intra-specific point-tree configurations and the bivariate pair
correlation function to analyse the inter-specific spatial configuration. Moreover, the isotopic composition of xylem water was
analysed as a mark point pattern.
Main results: Values for Q. ilex (δ18O = –5.3 ± 0.2‰, δ2
H = –54.3 ± 0.7‰) were significantly lower than for P. halepensis
(δ18O = –1.2 ± 0.2‰, δ2
H = –25.1 ± 0.8‰), pointing to a greater contribution of deeper soil layers for water uptake by Q. ilex.
Research highlights: Point-process analyses revealed spatial intra-specific dependencies among neighbouring pines, showing neither
oak-oak nor oak-pine interactions. This supports niche segregation for water uptake between the two species.
2015-09-09
2015-09-09
2015
article
https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2015241-05846
022236
2171-9845
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/48694
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2015241-05846
Forest Systems, 2015, vol. 24, núm. 1, p. 1-13
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/246725
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AGL2012-40039-C02-02/ES/RESILIENCIA DE LOS SISTEMAS FORESTALES MEDITERRANEOS EN UN CONTEXTO DE CAMBIO: ANALISIS DEL PAPEL DE LA TRAYECTORIA HISTORICA Y DEL ESTADO FUNCIONAL DE LA MASA/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
cc-by, (c) INIA, 2015
Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/446472023-03-27T12:39:07Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Efectos de un incendio forestal sobre la respuesta hidrológica de la cuenca mediterránea de Arbúcies (cordilleras costeras catalanas, NE España)
López Alonso, Raúl
Pérez Gisbert, Antonio
Batalla, Ramon J.
Respuesta hidrológica
Incendio forestal
Cuenca mediterránea
En agosto de 1994 un incendio forestal afectó al 15% de la superficie de la cuenca experimental de la riera de Arbúcies. Se trata de una cuenca mediterránea de 106 km2, en la que predominan las masas de frondosas y los suelos arenosos y profundos. A partir de los registros continuos de precipitación y caudal, anteriores y posteriores al incendio (1991-1997), se seleccionaron 26 episodios con el objetivo de detectar modificaciones en la respuesta hidrológica de la cuenca debidas a los efectos del fuego. Se ha detectado una mayor respuesta hidrológica para los episodios hasta seis meses después del incendio, tanto en
volumen de escorrentía como en caudal máximo, siendo más acusado el incremento para los episodios de mayor magnitud. El incremento estimado en el caudal punta para el valor máximo del rango de registros de precipitación total es del 173%, mayor que el producido en la estimación de la precipitación neta, que es solamente del 40%. Los eventos ocurridos a partir de un año y medio después del incendio muestran una tendencia a la recuperación de la respuesta hidrológica previa al incendio.
2012-02-03
2012-02-03
2004
article
003198
1131-7965
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/44647
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a http://www.inia.es/gcontrec/pub/305-316-(4403)-Efectos_1161944168765.pdf
Investigación agraria. Sistemas y recursos forestales, 2004, vol. 13, núm. 2, p. 305-316
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (Espanya), 2004
Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (Espanya)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4649282024-01-30T03:00:18Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Ovipositional responses of tortricid moths to sugars, salts and neem oil
Amat Gómez, Carles
Prasad, Rajendra
Gemeno Marín, César
Oviposition is essential in the life history of insects and is mainly mediated by chemical and tactile cues present on the plant surface. Oviposition deterrents or stimulants can modify insect oviposition and be employed in pest control. Relatively few gustatory oviposition stimuli have been described for tortricid moths. In this study the effect of NaCl, KCl, sucrose, fructose and neem oil on the number of eggs laid by Cydia pomonella (L.), Grapholita molesta (Busck) and Lobesia botrana (Dennis & Schifermüller) was tested in laboratory arenas containing filter papers loaded with 3 doses of a given stimulus and solvent control. In general, salts increased oviposition at the mid dose (102 M) and sugars reduced it at the highest dose (103 mM), but these effects depended on the species. Neem oil dramatically reduced the number of eggs laid as the dose increased, but the lowest neem oil dose (0.1% v/v) increased L. botrana oviposition relative to solvent control. Our study shows that ubiquitous plant chemicals modify tortricid moth oviposition under laboratory conditions, and that neem oil is a strong oviposition deterrent. The oviposition arena developed in this study is a convenient tool to test the effect of tastants on the oviposition behavior of tortricid moths.
2024-01-29
2024-01-29
2024-12-01
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51972-1
https://repositori.udl.cat/handle/10459.1/464928
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51972-1
Scientific Reports, 2024, vol. 14, p. 1677
https://doi.org/10.34810/data588
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AGL2016-77373-C2-2-R/ES/AVANCES EN EL CONTROL INTEGRADO DE PLAGAS EN CULTIVOS HORTOFRUTICOLAS: BIOLOGIA Y CONTROL DE GRAPHOLITA MOLESTA EN MELOCOTONERO Y MANZANO
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Amat et al., 2024
Attribution 4.0 International
Nature Research
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/700002020-12-23T09:56:09Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_239col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_10984
Influence of irrigation and fertilization on the sterol and triterpene dialcohol compositions of virgin olive oil
Arbonés, Amadeu
Sastre, B.
Pérez, M. A.
de Lorenzo, C.
Pascual Roca, Miquel
Benito, A.
Villar Mir, Josep Ma.
Rufat i Lamarca, Josep
Arbequina
Deficit irrigation
Erythrodiol + uvaol
Nitrogen
Potassium
The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of irrigation and fertilization with nitrogen and potassium on the sterol and triterpene dialcohol contents in two trials of cv. Arbequina in super-intensive orchards in Madrid and Lleida (Spain), using a completely randomized block design. No significant differences in total sterols between deficit and full irrigation treatments were observed. Under very dry conditions, the sterol levels from fully irrigated trees were higher than from rain-fed treatments and the triterpene dialcohol erythrodiol+ uvaol content was lower in the irrigated treatments in Lleida. In the fertilizer trial with full irrigation, total sterols were higher in the two N treatments compared to the unfertilized one; while erythrodiol + uvaol decreased. The application of K fertilizer had no effect on total sterol or triterpene dialcohol contents. A proper fertilization and irrigation are vital to obtain high quality EVOOs that meet the regulatory range in sterol and erythrodiol + uvaol contents.
El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la influencia del riego y del abonado nitrogenado y potásico en los esteroles y los dialcoholes tritepénicos, en sendos ensayos de arbequina en superintensivo, con un diseño en bloques al azar, en Madrid y Lleida. No se observaron diferencias significativas de esteroles totales entre el riego deficitario y el riego completo. En condiciones de sequía extrema, los esteroles del riego completo fueron superiores al secano y los dialcoholes tritepénicos eritrodiol y uvaol fueron inferiores en los tratamientos de riego en Lleida. En el ensayo de abonado con riego completo, los esteroles totales fueron superiores en las dos aplicaciones de nitrógeno respecto al testigo no tratado y también disminuyeron el eritrodiol + uvaol. El abonado potásico no afectó a los esteroles totales ni a los dihalcoholes triterpénicos. Una fertilización y riego adecuados son de vital importancia para obtener AOVEs de alta calidad que cumplan con los límites legales del contenido en esteroles y eritrodiol + uvaol.
2020-12-02
2020-12-02
2020-12-04
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0795191
029369
1988-4214
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/70000
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0795191
Grasas y aceites, 2020, vol. 71, núm. 4, e376
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 2020
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/841762023-03-27T12:56:54Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Impact of buried debris from agricultural biodegradable plastic mulches on two horticultural crop plants: tomato and lettuce
Serrano-Ruiz, Hadaly
Martin-Closas, Lluis
Pelacho Aja, Ana Mª
Plastic pollution
Biodegradable mulch wastes
Pristine biodegradable mulche
Field-weathering
Crop safety
Biodegradable mulches (BDM) are increasingly valued and used for substituting non-biodegradable plastic mulches
polluting agricultural soils. They are tilled into soil, where they fragment and release compounds throughout their bio-
degradation. The consequences of BDM use on the plant-soil environment have been partially studied with pristine and
with artificially-weathered BDM fragments. However, to guarantee safety use of BDM, studies on the BDM debris ef-
fects are required. For this, to determine potential effects of the field-weathering BDM on plants, a mesocosm experi-
ment was performed by sowing seeds from two major plant species commonly cultivated with BDM, tomato
(Lycopersicon esculentum) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa), in plant pots containing pristine and field-weathered pieces
from seven different BDM formulations, one paper mulch, a polyethylene (PE) mulch, and no-mulch control pots.
Germination of both plant species was unaffected by any of the mulch treatments; however, PHB
(polyhydroxybutyrate)-based BDM fragments severely inhibited tomato and lettuce plant growth, 90 and 95 %, respec-
tively. Moreover, all pristine and field-weathered BDM significantly delayed lettuce plant development. Tomato plant
growth progressed better, but growth retardation was also evidenced with most field-weathered BDM treatments.
Overall, field-weathered fragments caused stronger effects on plants than the pristine unused ones. No effects were
found for PE mulch, either pristine or field-weathered. The obtained results highlight that BDM debris may alter
plant development depending on their nature and on their weathering, rather than on their physical presence, and ev-
idence the need to conduct further experiments on the impact of field-weathered BDM on the plant-soil environment.
2022-11-10
2022-11-10
2023
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159167
032688
0048-9697
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/84176
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159167
Science of the Total Environment, 2023, vol. 856, núm. 159167, p. 1-9
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//RTA2015-00047-C05-05/ES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Serrano-Ruiz et al., 2023
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/465062023-03-27T12:39:07Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Fórmulas para el cálculo aproximado de la capacidad de transporte de sedimentos en ríos de montaña
López Alonso, Raúl
El cálculo de la capacidad de una corriente para el transporte de sedimentos de fondo requiere información sobre las características hidráulicas, geomorfológicas y granulométricas del cauce. Sin embargo, en ríos de fuerte pendiente y para caudales que superen ampliamente el umbral del movimiento de las partículas se dan una serie de circunstancias que permiten calcular el caudal sólido de acarreo a partir de ecuaciones muy simples, que involucran únicamente caudal líquido y pendiente longitudinal del lecho, con el consiguiente ahorro. En contrapartida la precisión de dichas ecuaciones es inferior, por lo que se recomienda restringir su empleo a la obtención de un primer orden de magnitud de la carga de fondo. En el presente artículo se incluye una compilación de este tipo de ecuaciones, así como un ejemplo ilustrativo de su utilización.
2013-03-07
2013-03-07
2003
article
004305
0210-0479
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/46506
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a: http://www.citop.es/publicaciones/documentos/Cimbra351_07.pdf
Cimbra, 2003, núm. 351, p. 32-36
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Colegio de Ingenieros Técnicos de Obras Públicas (Madrid), 2003
Colegio de Ingenieros Técnicos de Obras Públicas (Madrid)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/650512023-03-27T12:39:07Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Nonextensive thermodynamic functions in the Schrödinger-Gibbs ensemble
Alonso, J. L.
Castro, Alberto
Clemente-Gallardo, Jesús
Cuchí Oterino, J. C.
Echenique, Pablo
Esteve, J. G.
Falceto, Fernando
Schrödinger suggested that thermodynamical functions cannot be based on the gratuitous allegation that quantum-mechanical levels (typically the orthogonal eigenstates of the Hamiltonian operator) are the only allowed states for a quantum system [E. Schrödinger, Statistical Thermodynamics (Courier Dover, Mineola, 1967)]. Different authors have interpreted this statement by introducing density distributions on the space of quantum pure states with weights obtained as functions of the expectation value of the Hamiltonian of the system. In this work we focus on one of the best known of these distributions and prove that, when considered in composite quantum systems, it defines partition functions that do not factorize as products of partition functions of the noninteracting subsystems, even in the thermodynamical regime. This implies that it is not possible to define extensive thermodynamical magnitudes such as the free energy, the internal energy, or the thermodynamic entropy by using these models. Therefore, we conclude that this distribution inspired by Schrödinger's idea cannot be used to construct an appropriate quantum equilibrium thermodynamics.
2018-11-08
2018-11-08
2015
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.91.022137
022355
0031-899X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/65051
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.91.022137
Physical Review E, 2015, vol. 91, 022137
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//FIS2013-46159-C3-2-P/ES/TEORIA DE SISTEMAS HIBRIDOS CLASICO-CUANTICOS: EQUILIBRIO, DINAMICA Y CONTROL/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//FPA2012-35453/ES/FISICA DEL MODELO ESTANDAR Y SUS POSIBLES EXTENSIONES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) American Physical Society, 2015
American Physical Society
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/580672023-03-27T12:39:07Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_49298col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49299
LiDAR simulation in modelled orchards to optimise the use of terrestrial laser scanners and derived vegetative measures
Méndez, Valeriano
Catalán, Heliodoro
Rosell Polo, Joan Ramon
Arnó Satorra, Jaume
Sanz Cortiella, Ricardo
LiDAR
Simulation
Hidden Markov Tree model
Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology is beginning to have an impact on agriculture. Canopy volume and/or fruit tree leaf area can be estimated using terrestrial laser sensors based on this technology. However, the use of these devices may have different options depending on the resolution and scanning mode. As a consequence, data accuracy and LiDAR derived parameters are affected by sensor configuration, and may vary according to vegetative characteristics of tree crops. Given this scenario, users and suppliers of these devices need to know how to use the sensor in each case. This paper presents a computer program to determine the best configuration, allowing simulation and evaluation of different LiDAR configurations in various tree structures (or training systems). The ultimate goal is to optimise the use of laser scanners in field operations. The software presented generates a virtual orchard, and then allows the scanning simulation with a laser sensor. Trees are created using a hidden Markov tree (HMT) model. Varying the foliar structure of the orchard the LiDAR simulation was applied to twenty different artificially created orchards with or without leaves from two positions (lateral and zenith). To validate the laser sensor configuration, leaf surface of simulated trees was compared with the parameters obtained by LiDAR measurements: the impacted leaf area, the impacted total area (leaves and wood), and the impacted area in the three outer layers of leaves.
2016-10-28
2016-10-28
2013
article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2013.02.003
019284
1537-5110
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58067
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2013.02.003
Biosystems Engineering, 2013, vol. 115, núm. 1, p. 7–19
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Elsevier, 2013
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/853282023-03-06T12:15:31Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Agroforestry shows higher potential than reforestation for soil restoration after slash-and-burn: a case study from Bangladesh
Islam Chowdhury, Faqrul
Baruaa, Imon
Islam Chowdhuryb, Aminul
Resco de Dios, Víctor
Shafiul Alam, Mohammed
Soil physicochemical properties
Forest plantation
Land use
Soil organic carbon
Soil compaction
Increasing land demands for food production has led to large-scale soil degradation in the hilly regions of south-eastern Bangladesh. An intensification of slash-and-burn techniques, where fallow intervals have shortened considerably in recent years, has led to widespread losses in soil quality. Here we sought to test to what extent do current agroforestry practices in the area, compared with current reforestation efforts, can ameliorate different physicochemical soil properties after the abandonment of slash-and-burn practices. We observed that concentrations of soil organic matter (4.75%), available phosphorous (12.17 μg g−1) and exchangeable potassium (0.39 mg kg−1) in agroforestry plots were significantly higher than in reforestation (3.18%, 6.50 μg g−1 and 0.21 mg kg−1, respectively) or slash-and-burn plots (1.83%, 5.90 μg g−1 and 0.03 mg kg−1, respectively). While reforestation and agroforestry may both serve to restore soil functions but we observed higher benefits in the latter system. Thus, agroforestry systems may be a suitable land management system for replacing ancestral slash and burn techniques but care should be taken to diminish soil compaction.
2023-01-30
2023-01-30
2020
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1080/24749508.2020.1743528
2474-9508
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/85328
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1080/24749508.2020.1743528
Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes, 2020, vol. 6, núm. 1, p. 48–54
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Islam Chowdhury et al., 2020
Taylor & Francis
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4630872023-03-21T03:00:31Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_68143col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_68144col_10459.1_49291
The soil seed bank role in mountainous heathland ecosystems after fire and inorganic nitrogen fertilization
Alday, Josu G.
Calvo, Leonor
Rodríguez, José Luis Fernández
Valbuena, Luz
Calluna vulgaris(L) Hull
Diversity
Ecosystem management
Fire
Heathlands
Calluna vulgaris-dominated heathlands are a priority habitat type in Annex I of the Habitats Directive (92/43/ECC, habitat code 4060). In the Iberian Peninsula, the landscape of the Cantabrian Mountain range has great heterogeneity due to human management during the last 10,000 years. Another factor that can affect these communities is the increase in human-induced atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. During the last century, there has been a dramatic increase in N deposition rates. For all these reasons, it is important to know the regeneration dynamics of the heathlands in the context of the disturbances that these communities currently face (i.e., N deposition, fire, and decrease in sheep grazing) in the Cantabrian Mountain range. In this study, we characterized the plant species composition and soil seed bank after prescribed burning in three heathlands on their southern distribution limit in Spain, to gain insights into regenerative capacity and conservation of these communities. The results obtained suggest that the post-burn soil seed bank could restore Calluna-dominated vegetation in these habitats, indicating that the restoration potential from the soil seed bank after wildfires of these habitats is high. Our results also suggest that, in the short term after burning, the main characteristic species such as Calluna and Erica are recovered, which is fundamental to maintain the heathland community structure.
2023-03-20
2023-03-20
2023
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020226
1999-4907
https://repositori.udl.cat/handle/10459.1/463087
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020226
Forests, 2023, vol. 14, núm. 2, p. 1-14
CGL2006-10998-C02-01/BOS
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Alday et al., 2023
Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/589962023-03-27T12:56:54Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Nuevos taxones para la checklist de la flora vascular de Andorra
Domènech Ferrés, Marta
Conesa i Mor, Josep A. (Josep Antoni)
Pladevall, Clara
Biodiversidad
Corologia
Lista roja
Se actualiza el listado de la flora vascular de Andorra. Con la información
de publicaciones externas y trabajos propios del CENMA, se añaden 57 nuevos
taxones para el Principado a la checklist vigente desde 2008, siendo el total actual
de 1.594 taxones.
2017-01-17
2017-01-17
2016
article
024389
1138-5952
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58996
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a http://www.floramontiberica.org/FM/063/Flora_Montib_063_146-154_2016.pdf
Flora Montiberica, 2016, vol. 63, p.146-154
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
cc-by-nc-nd, (c) Flora Montibérica, 2016
Flora Montiberica
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/723622021-11-20T00:12:08Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Captures of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in traps baited with host-plant volatiles in Chile
Barros-Parada, Wilson
Ammagarahalli Munishamappa, Byrappa
Basoalto, Esteban
Fuentes-Contreras, Eduardo
Gemeno Marín, César
Host-plant volatiles
Sex pheromone
Synergism
Flight tunnel
Traps
Studies in Australia and China identified host-plant volatile blends from peach and pear that captured relatively high numbers of Grapholita molesta (Busck). To determine if these blends are attractants in other countries and relative to each other, the two host-plant blends, a laboratory blend identified in Switzerland, and a new 'total blend' made by mixing components of all three blends, were field-tested in Chile for the first time. The same solvent type, concentrations, and dispensers as in the original studies, plus an additional concentration and solvent, were used. Only the Swiss blend at the low n-hexane concentration captured significantly more males than the solvent traps, albeit in very low numbers (1.46 ± 1.46, mean ± SEM males/trap/week). Furthermore, host-plant blends decreased male captures in sex pheromone traps, and the effect was dose-dependent for the Chinese and total blends. A laboratory flight tunnel test confirmed the lack of G. molesta male response to the Australian, Chinese, and Swiss plant blends. In the flight tunnel, however, the males responded sooner and in higher numbers to mixtures of sex pheromone with host-plant blends than they did to the sex pheromone alone.
2021-11-19
2021-11-19
2018-01-30
2021-11-19
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-017-0543-7
027057
0003-6862
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/72362
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-017-0543-7
Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2018, vol. 53, p. 193-204
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) The Japanese Society of Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2018
Springer
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/493502023-01-27T14:58:43Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_49298col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49299col_10459.1_49291
A tractor-mounted scanning LIDAR for the non-destructive measurement of vegetative volume and surface area of tree-row plantations: a comparison with conventional destructive measurements
Rosell Polo, Joan Ramon
Sanz Cortiella, Ricardo
Llorens Calveras, Jordi
Arnó Satorra, Jaume
Escolà i Agustí, Alexandre
Ribes Dasi, Manuel
Masip Vilalta, Joan
Camp, Ferran
Gràcia, Felip
Solanelles Batlle, Francesc
Pallejà Cabrè, Tomàs
Val, Luis
Planas de Martí, Santiago
Gil Moya, Emilio
Palacín Roca, Jordi
3D Plant structure
Leaf Area Index
LAI
Geometrical characteristics of plants
The use of a low-cost tractor-mounted scanning Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) system for capable of making non-destructive recordings of tree-row structure in orchards and vineyards is described. Field tests consisted of several LIDAR measurements on both sides of the crop row, before and after defoliation of selected trees. Summary parameters describing the tree-row volume and the total crop surface area viewed by the LIDAR (expressed as a ratio with ground surface area) were derived using a suitable numerical algorithm. The results for apple and pear orchards and a wine producing vineyard were shown to be in reasonable agreement with the results derived from a destructive leaf sampling method. Also, good correlation was found between manual and sensor-based measurements of the vegetative volume of tree-row plantations. The Tree Area Index parameter, TAI, gave the best correlation between destructive and non-destructive (i.e. LIDAR-based) determinants of crop leaf area. The LIDAR system proved to be a powerful technique for low cost, prompt and non-destructive estimates of the volume and leaf-area characteristics of plants.
2016-01-20
2016-01-20
2009
article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2008.10.009
013227
1537-5110
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49350
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2008.10.009
Biosystems Engineering, 2009, vol. 102, núm. 2, p. 128-134
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICYT//AGL2002‐04260‐C04‐02/ES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Elsevier, 2009
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/492942021-08-30T15:04:34Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_49452col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49454
Carbon and oxygen isotope ratios in wood constituents of Pinus halepensis as indicators of precipitation, temperature and vapour pressure deficit
Ferrio Díaz, Juan Pedro
Voltas Velasco, Jordi
Carbon and oxygen isotope compositions (δ13C, δ18O) in tree rings have been shown to bear relevant climatic signals.
However, little is known about the interrelationship between both isotopes in wood constituents for species from other
than relatively wet climates. We hypothesized that in a species adapted to temporary droughts (e.g. Pinus halepensis
Mill.) the signal derived from δ18O in precipitation would be hidden by the strong variability in leaf transpirative
enrichment. To test this assumption, we compared the effect of precipitation, temperature and vapour pressure deficit
(VPD) on δ18O and δ13C along 23 sites covering the ecological range for this species. We extracted the cores from
the south side of four to six adult dominant trees per aspect (north/south) within each site. For each aspect and site,
fragments of the period 1975–1999 were pooled and milled to a fine powder. To further test the postulated need for
cellulose purification in the assessment of climatic information, we studied these relationships in whole and extracted
wood, holocellulose and lignin. In all wood fractions, δ13C was related to annual precipitation [r =−0.58 (P < 0.01)
to −0.78 (P < 0.001)] and VPD [r = 0.53 (P < 0.01) to 0.57 (P < 0.01)]. In contrast, for δ18O only holocellulose
showed consistent relationships with climatic data, being strongly significant for VPD [r =0.66 (P <0.001)]. However,
it was unrelated to modelled δ18O in precipitation, confirming that transpirative enrichment (driven by VPD) dampened
the source signal in P. halepensis. The relationships between δ13C and δ18O were generally poor, regardless of the
wood constituent, suggesting that although both variables were somewhat related to transpirative demand, they were
relatively independent. This was further confirmed by building stepwise models using both isotopes to predict annual
and seasonal precipitation [r 2 = 0.34 (P < 0.01) to 0.68 (P < 0.001)], temperature [r 2 = 0.15 (P < 0.05) to 0.37
(P < 0.01)] and VPD [r 2 = 0.31 (P < 0.01) to 0.55 (P < 0.001)]. We concluded that, even when partially describing
the same climate variables, the information underlying the two isotopes can be regarded as complementary.
2016-01-11
2016-01-11
2025-01-01
2005
article
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2005.00137.x
006315
0280-6509
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49294
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2005.00137.x
Tellus series B-chemical and phisical meteorology, 2005, vol. 57B, p. 164-173
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) Blackwell Publishing, 2005
Blackwell Publishing
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/592032021-08-30T15:04:32Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_44504
Nitrogen yield advantage from grass–legume mixtures is robust over a wide range of legume proportions and environmental conditions
Suter, Matthias
Connolly, John
Finn, John A.
Loges, Ralf
Kirwan, Laura
Sebastià, Ma. T.
Lüscher, Andreas
Climate change mitigation
Climatic gradient
Food security
N fertilizer replacement
Current challenges to global food security require sustainable intensification of agriculture through initiatives that include more efficient use of nitrogen (N), increased protein self-sufficiency through homegrown crops, and reduced N losses to the environment. Such challenges were addressed in a continental-scale field experiment conducted over 3 years, in which the amount of total nitrogen yield (Ntot) and the gain of N yield in mixtures as compared to grass monocultures (Ngainmix) was quantified from four-species grass–legume stands with greatly varying legume proportions. Stands consisted of monocultures and mixtures of two N2-fixing legumes and two nonfixing grasses. The amount of Ntot of mixtures was significantly greater (P ≤ 0.05) than that of grass monocultures at the majority of evaluated sites in all 3 years. Ntot and thus Ngainmix increased with increasing legume proportion up to one-third of legumes. With higher legume percentages, Ntot and Ngainmix did not continue to increase. Thus, across sites and years, mixtures with one-third proportion of legumes attained ~95% of the maximum Ntot acquired by any stand and had 57% higher Ntot than grass monocultures. Realized legume proportion in stands and the relative N gain in mixture (Ngainmix/Ntot in mixture) were most severely impaired by minimum site temperature (R = 0.70, P = 0.003 for legume proportion; R = 0.64, P = 0.010 for Ngainmix/Ntot in mixture). Nevertheless, the relative N gain in mixture was not correlated to site productivity (P = 0.500), suggesting that, within climatic restrictions, balanced grass–legume mixtures can benefit from comparable relative gains in N yield across largely differing productivity levels. We conclude that the use of grass–legume mixtures can substantially contribute to resource-efficient agricultural grassland systems over a wide range of productivity levels, implying important savings in N fertilizers and thus greenhouse gas emissions and a considerable potential for climate change mitigation.
2017-02-08
2025-01-01
2015
article
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12880
023456
1354-1013
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/59203
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12880
Global Change Biology, 2015, vol. 21, núm. 6, p. 2424-2438
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/266018
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) John Wiley & Sons, 2015
Wiley
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/578802017-03-10T13:54:50Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
Future changes in climatic water balance determine potential for transformational shifts in Australian fire regimes
Boer, Matthias M.
Bowman, David M. J. S.
Murphy, Brett P.
Cary, Geoffrey J.
Cochrane, Mark A.
Fensham, Roderick J.
Krawchuk, Meg A.
Price, Owen F.
Resco de Dios, Víctor
Williams, Richard J.
Climate change
Climatic water balance
Fire regimes
Fuel type
Transformation
Tree cover
Most studies of climate change effects on fire regimes assume a gradual reorganization of pyrogeographic patterns and have not considered the potential for transformational changes in the climate-vegetation-fire relationships underlying continental-scale fire regimes. Here, we model current fire activity levels in Australia as a function of mean annual actual evapotranspiration (E) and potential evapotranspiration (E 0), as proxies for fuel productivity and fuel drying potential. We distinguish two domains in $E,{E}_{0}$ space according to the dominant constraint on fire activity being either fuel productivity (PL-type fire) or fuel dryness (DL-type fire) and show that the affinity to these domains is related to fuel type. We propose to assess the potential for transformational shifts in fire type from the difference in the affinity to either domain under a baseline climate and projected future climate. Under the projected climate changes potential for a transformational shift from DL- to PL-type fire was predicted for mesic savanna woodland in the north and for eucalypt forests in coastal areas of the south–west and along the Continental Divide in the south–east of the continent. Potential for a shift from PL- to DL-type fire was predicted for a narrow zone of eucalypt savanna woodland in the north–east.
2016-10-07
2016-10-07
2016-06-02
article
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/6/065002
025161
1748-9326
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/57880
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/6/065002
Environmental Research Letters, 2016, vol. 11, núm. 6, 065002
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
cc-by (c) Matthias M. Boer et al., 2016
IOP Publishing
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/494482023-03-27T12:56:54Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_56704col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_56705col_10459.1_49291
The role of light in the emergence of weeds: using Camelina microcarpa as an example
Royo-Esnal, Aritz
Gesch, Russell W.
Forcella, Frank
Torra Farré, Joel
Recasens i Guinjuan, Jordi
Necajeva, Jevgenija
When modelling the emergence of weeds, two main factors are considered that condition
this process: temperature and soil moisture. Optimum temperature is necessary for metabolic
processes that generate energy for growth, while turgor pressure is necessary for root
and shoot elongation which eventually leads to seedling emergence from the soil. Most
emergence models do not usually consider light as a residual factor, but it could have an
important role as it can alter directly or indirectly the dormancy and germination of seeds. In
this paper, inclusion of light as an additional factor to photoperiod and radiation in emergence
models is explored and compared with the classical hydrothermal time (HTT) model
using Camelina microcarpa as an example. HTT based on hourly estimates is also compared
with that based on daily estimates. Results suggest that, although HTT based models
are accurate enough for local applications, the precision of these models is improved when
HTT is estimated hourly and solar radiation is included as a factor.
2016-02-04
2016-02-04
2015
article
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146079
023688
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49448
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146079
PLoS One, 2015, vol.10, núm. 12, e0146079
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//AGL2010-22084-C02-01/ES/MALAS HIERBAS O DIVERSIDAD VEGETAL SU PAPEL COMO INDICADOR DE LA EFICIENCIA DE
AYUDAS AGROAMBIENTALES Y DE TECNICAS DE AGRICULTURA DE CONSERVACION EN SECANOS CEREALISTAS/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
cc-by, (c) Royo-Esnal et al., 2015
Public Library of Science
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/684522023-03-27T12:56:54Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_44504
Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation – Part 1: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling
Flechard, Chris R.
Ibrom, Andreas
Skiba, Ute M.
de Vries, Wim
van Oijen, Marcel
Cameron, David R.
Dise, Nancy B.
Korhonen, Janne F.J.
Buchmann, Nina
Legout, Arnaud
Simpson, David
Sanz, Maria J.
Aubinet, Marc
Loustau, Denis
Montagnani, Leonardo
Neirynck, Johan
Janssens, Ivan A.
Pihlatie, Mari
Kiese, Ralf
Siemens, J.
Francez, André-Jean
Augustin, Jürgen
Varlagin, Andrej
Olejnik, Janusz
Juszczak, Radosław
Aurela, Mika
Berveiller, Daniel
Chojnicki, Bogdan H.
Dämmgen, Ulrich
Delpierre, Nicolas
Djuricic, Vesna
Drewer, Julia
Dufrêne, Eric
Eugster, Werner
Fauvel, Yannick
Fowler, David
Frumau, Arnoud
Granier, André
Gross, Patrick
Hamon, Yannick
Helfter, Carole
Hensen, Arjan
Horváth, László
Kitzler, Barbara
Kruijt, Bart
Kutsch, Werner L.
Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel
Lohila, A.
Longdoz, Bernard
Marek, Michal V.
Matteucci, Giorgio
Mitosinkova, Marta
Moreaux, Virginie
Neftel, Albrecht
Ourcival, Jean-Marc
Pilegaard, K.
Pita, Gabriel
Sanz, Francisco
Schjoerring, Jan K.
Sebastià, Ma. T.
Tang, Y. Sim
Uggerud, Hilde
Urbaniak, Marek
van Dijk, Netty
Vesala, Timo
Vidic, Sonja
Vincke, Caroline
Weidinger, Tamás
Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie
Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus
Nemitz, Eiko
Sutton, Mark A.
The impact of atmospheric reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition on carbon (C) sequestration in soils and biomass of unfertilized, natural, semi-natural and forest ecosystems has been much debated. Many previous results of this dC∕dN response were based on changes in carbon stocks from periodical soil and ecosystem inventories, associated with estimates of Nr deposition obtained from large-scale chemical transport models. This study and a companion paper (Flechard et al., 2020) strive to reduce uncertainties of N effects on C sequestration by linking multi-annual gross and net ecosystem productivity estimates from 40 eddy covariance flux towers across Europe to local measurement-based estimates of dry and wet Nr deposition from a dedicated collocated monitoring network. To identify possible ecological drivers and processes affecting the interplay between C and Nr inputs and losses, these data were also combined with in situ flux measurements of NO, N2O and CH4 fluxes; soil NO−3
leaching sampling; and results of soil incubation experiments for N and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as surveys of available data from online databases and from the literature, together with forest ecosystem (BASFOR) modelling.
Multi-year averages of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in forests ranged from −70 to 826 g C m−2 yr−1 at total wet + dry inorganic Nr deposition rates (Ndep) of 0.3 to 4.3 g N m−2 yr−1 and from −4 to 361 g C m−2 yr−1 at Ndep rates of 0.1 to 3.1 g N m−2 yr−1 in short semi-natural vegetation (moorlands, wetlands and unfertilized extensively managed grasslands). The GHG budgets of the forests were strongly dominated by CO2 exchange, while CH4 and N2O exchange comprised a larger proportion of the GHG balance in short semi-natural vegetation. Uncertainties in elemental budgets were much larger for nitrogen than carbon, especially at sites with elevated Ndep where Nr leaching losses were also very large, and compounded by the lack of reliable data on organic nitrogen and N2 losses by denitrification. Nitrogen losses in the form of NO, N2O and especially NO−3
were on average 27 % (range 6 %–54 %) of Ndep at sites with Ndep < 1 g N m−2 yr−1 versus 65 % (range 35 %–85 %) for Ndep > 3 g N m−2 yr−1. Such large levels of Nr loss likely indicate that different stages of N saturation occurred at a number of sites. The joint analysis of the C and N budgets provided further hints that N saturation could be detected in altered patterns of forest growth. Net ecosystem productivity increased with Nr deposition up to 2–2.5 g N m−2 yr−1, with large scatter associated with a wide range in carbon sequestration efficiency (CSE, defined as the NEP ∕ GPP ratio). At elevated Ndep levels (> 2.5 g N m−2 yr−1), where inorganic Nr losses were also increasingly large, NEP levelled off and then decreased. The apparent increase in NEP at low to intermediate Ndep levels was partly the result of geographical cross-correlations between Ndep and climate, indicating that the actual mean dC∕dN response at individual sites was significantly lower than would be suggested by a simple, straightforward regression of NEP vs. Ndep.
2020-04-16
2020-04-16
2020-03-26
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1583-2020
030143
1726-4170
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68452
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1583-2020
Biogeosciences, 2020, vol. 17, núm. 6, p. 1583-1620
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/282910
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Flechard, Chris R. et al., 2020
European Geosciences Union
Copernicus Publications
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/585152022-10-19T19:26:59Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291col_10459.1_44504
Engineering complex metabolic pathways in plants
Farré Martinez, Gemma
Capell Capell, Teresa
Zhu, Changfu
Christou, Paul
Blancquaert, Dieter
Van Der Straeten, Dominique
Metabolic bottleneck
Metabolic branch
Metabolic conversion
Metabolic diversity
Metabolic engineering can be used to modulate endogenous metabolic pathways
in plants or introduce new metabolic capabilities in order to increase
the production of a desirable compound or reduce the accumulation of an
undesirable one. In practice, there are several major challenges that need
to be overcome, such as gaining enough knowledge about the endogenous
pathways to understand the best intervention points, identifying and sourcing
the most suitable metabolic genes, expressing those genes in such a way as
to produce a functional enzyme in a heterologous background, and, finally,
achieving the accumulation of target compounds without harming the host
plant. This article discusses the strategies that have been developed to engineer
complex metabolic pathways in plants, focusing on recent technological
developments that allow the most significant bottlenecks to be overcome.
2016-11-15
2025-01-01
2014
article
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-050213-035825
021077
1543-5008
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58515
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-050213-035825
Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2014, vol. 65, p. 187-223
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/222716
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/232933
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//BIO2011-23324/ES/ESTUDIO DE LA VIABILIDAD DEL AUMENTO DE LA CAPACIDAD FOTOSINTETICA DEL ARROZ SOBREPASANDO LA TRANSICION DE C3 A C4 MEDIANTE INGENIERIA GENETICA/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//BIO2011-22525/ES/INVESTIGACION DEL MECANISMO DE ACUMULACION DE CAROTENOIDES EN EL ENDOSPERMO DE ARROZ/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//BIO2012-35359/ES/PRODUCCION DE UNA COMBINACION DE MICROBICIDAS QUE EVITEN LA TRANSMISION DEL VIH EN UNA PLATAFORMA VEGETAL/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//PIM2010PKB-00746/ES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) Annual Reviews, 2014
Annual Reviews
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/415212023-03-27T12:39:07Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_49298col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49299
Distribuição de líquido da ponta de pulverização com indução de ar e jato excêntrico AIUB 8502 sob diferentes condições
Viana, R.G.
Ferreira, L.R.
Rosell Polo, Joan Ramon
Solanelles Batlle, Francesc
Filat, A.
Machado, M.S.
Machado, A.F.L.
Silva, M.C.C.
Barra
Bico
Pré-emergente
Aplicação em faixa
Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a distribuição de líquido da ponta de pulverização com indução de ar e jato excêntrico AIUB 8502 sob diferentes condições operacionais. Foram avaliados perfil individual, vazão, ângulo de abertura do jato, faixa de aplicação e distribuição volumétrica simulada de duas pontas AIUB 8502 nas pressões de trabalho de 200, 300, 400 e 500 kPa, altura de 30, 40 e 50 cm em relação ao alvo e espaçamento entre pontas de 30 a 100 cm. Todas as análises foram realizadas seguindo a norma ISSO 5682-1, com algumas adaptações. A ponta apresentou distribuição de líquido excêntrica com um lado descontínuo e extremidade oposta excêntrica, com queda abrupta do volume de líquido. À medida que se aumentou a altura da barra e a pressão de trabalho, alongou-se o perfil do jato. O maior número de configurações uniformes foi obtido na altura de 50 cm, decrescendo nas alturas de 40 e 30 cm. A vazão e o ângulo do jato excêntrico aumentaram com o incremento na pressão, não havendo diferença entre o ângulo do jato descontínuo e o total entre as pressões de 400 e 500 kPa e de 200 e 300 kPa.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the liquid distribution of air induction and off-center AIUB 8502 spray nozzles under different operating conditions. Individual profile, spray nozzle outflow, spray angle, spray width and simulated distribution profile for two AIUB 8502 nozzles at working pressures of 200, 300, 400 and 500 kPa, height of 30, 40 and 50 cm from the target and 30 to 100 cm spacing were evaluated. All the tests were performed following ISO 5682-1 with some adaptations. The nozzles presented an eccentric liquid distribution with a discontinuous side and eccentric opposing end, with sharp decrease in volume. Profile distribution increased with increased bar height and working pressure. The largest number of uniform configurations was obtained at the height of 50 cm, decreasing at the heights of 40 and 30 cm. Angle and flow rate of the off-center nozzle increased with increase in pressure, with no differences between discontinuous and total angles between 400 and 500 kPa, and 200 and 300 kPa pressure ranges.
2011-06-28
2011-06-28
2010
article
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582010000200023
015366
0100-8358
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/41521
por
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582010000200023
Planta daninha, 2010, vol. 28, núm. 2, p. 429-437
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/es/deed.ca
cc-by-nc, (c) Viana et al., 2010
Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/651472023-03-27T12:39:07Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Modelling the effect of climate-induced changes in recruitment and juvenile growth on mixed-forest dynamics: the case of montane-subalpine Pyrenean ecotones
Améztegui González, Aitor
Coll Mir, Lluís
Messier, Christian
Modelling
Forest dynamics
Climate change
Ecotones
Most predictive models forecast significant upward displacement of forest species due to increases in temperatures, but not all the species respond in the same way to changes in climate. In temperate or mountain systems, biotic competitive interactions drive species distributions, and responses to climate change will ultimately depend upon productive and demographic processes such as growth, recruitment and mortality. We parameterized and used an individual-based, spatially explicit model of forest dynamics (SORTIE-ND) to investigate the role of species-specific differences in juvenile performance induced by climate change (juvenile growth and recruitment ability) in the dynamics of mixed forests located in the montane-subalpine ecotone of the Pyrenees. We assessed this role for two types of forests composed of three species with differing light requirements and sensitivity to climate change: (1) a mixed forest with two shade-intolerant pines (Pinus uncinata and Pinus sylvestris) and (2) a mixed forest composed by a shade-intolerant pine and a shade-tolerant fir (Abies alba). Our results show that for species with similar light requirements (i.e., both pines), small differences in sapling growth response to climate change can lead to significant differences in future species composition (an increase in P. sylvestris growth of 10% leads to an increase in its abundance from 42% to 50.3%). Conversely, in pine-fir forests, shade-tolerance results more decisive than climate-induced changes in growth in driving the future forest composition.
2018-11-20
2018-11-20
2015
2018-11-20
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.06.029
026626
0304-3800
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/65147
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.06.029
Ecological Modelling, 2015, vol. 313, p. 84-93
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//AGL2009-13270-C02-01/ES/Dinamica De Masas Mixtas De Coniferas: Analisis De Los Principales Procesos Demograficos En Un Contexto De Cambio Global/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AGL2012-40039-C02-01/ES/RESILIENCIA DE LOS SISTEMAS FORESTALES EN UN CONTEXTO DE CAMBIO: ANALISIS DEL PAPEL DE LA MASA Y DEL TIPO DE PERTURBACION/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
cc-by-nc-nd, (c) Elsevier, 2015
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/589642021-08-30T14:56:40Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Climate change effects on mediterranean forests and preventive measures
Resco de Dios, Víctor
Fischer, Christine
Colinas, C. (Carlos)
Global warming
Mitigation strategies
Forest restoration
Reforestations
This paper synthesizes and reviews literature concerning climate change
effects on Mediterranean forest ecology and management as well as the restorative
techniques necessary to maintain forest health, forest yield and biodiversity. Climate
change compounded with trends of rural abandonment are likely to diminish forested
areas within the Mediterranean basin that will be replaced by fire prone shrub
communities. This could be favoured by outbreaks of pathogens, fire and other largescale
disturbances. Landscape fragmentation is expected to impede species migration.
Annual increments and subsequent income from forests are expected to decrease.
Reafforestations are necessary to ensure the presence of propagules of forest species
and their site-specific varieties best adapted to future climatic conditions even though
they may be different from the present forest-plant community. Current challenges in
biodiversity conservation can only be met by afforestations whose main objective is to
maintain ecosystem functioning. A new silviculture must emerge encompassing these
habitat displacement and economic concerns while maximizing carbon sequestration.
2017-01-14
2025-01-01
2007
article
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-006-9011-x
010565
0169-4286
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58964
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-006-9011-x
New Forests, 2007, vol. 33, núm. 1, p. 29-40
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) Springer Science Business Media B.V., 2007
Springer Verlag
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/588322017-03-10T14:16:59Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
An introduction to the Australian and New Zealand flux tower network – OzFlux
Beringer, Jason
Hutley, Lindsay B.
McHugh, Ian
Arndt, Stefan K.
Campbell, David
Cleugh, Helen A.
Cleverly, James
Resco de Dios, Víctor
Eamus, Derek
Evans, Bradley
Ewenz, Cacilia
Grace, Peter
Griebel, Anne
Haverd, Vanessa
Hinko-Najera, Nina
Huete, Alfredo
Isaac, Peter
Kanniah, Kasturi
Leuning, Ray
Liddell, Michael J.
Macfarlane, Craig
Meyer, Wayne
Moore, Caitlin
Pendall, Elise
Phillips, Alison
Phillips, Rebecca L.
Prober, Suzanne M.
Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia
Rutledge, Susanna
Schroder, Ivan
Silberstein, Richard
Southall, Patricia
Sun Yee, Mei
Tapper, Nigel J.
van Gorsel, Eva
Vote, Camilla
Walker, Jeff
Wardlaw, Tim
OzFlux is the regional Australian and New Zealand flux tower network that aims to provide a continental-scale national research facility to monitor and assess trends, and improve predictions, of Australia's terrestrial biosphere and climate. This paper describes the evolution, design, and current status of OzFlux as well as provides an overview of data processing. We analyse measurements from all sites within the Australian portion of the OzFlux network and two sites from New Zealand. The response of the Australian biomes to climate was largely consistent with global studies except that Australian systems had a lower ecosystem water-use efficiency. Australian semi-arid/arid ecosystems are important because of their huge extent (70 %) and they have evolved with common moisture limitations. We also found that Australian ecosystems had a similar radiation-use efficiency per unit leaf area compared to global values that indicates a convergence toward a similar biochemical efficiency. The two New Zealand sites represented extremes in productivity for a moist temperate climate zone, with the grazed dairy farm site having the highest GPP of any OzFlux site (2620 gC m−2 yr−1) and the natural raised peat bog site having a very low GPP (820 gC m−2 yr−1). The paper discusses the utility of the flux data and the synergies between flux, remote sensing, and modelling. Lastly, the paper looks ahead at the future direction of the network and concludes that there has been a substantial contribution by OzFlux, and considerable opportunities remain to further advance our understanding of ecosystem response to disturbances, including drought, fire, land-use and land-cover change, land management, and climate change, which are relevant both nationally and internationally. It is suggested that a synergistic approach is required to address all of the spatial, ecological, human, and cultural challenges of managing the delicately balanced ecosystems in Australasia.
2016-12-16
2016-12-16
2016
article
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5895-2016
025162
1726-4170
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58832
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5895-2016
Biogeosciences, 2016, vol. 13, p. 5895-5916
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
cc-by (c) Beringer, Jason. et al., 2016
Copernicus Publications
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/632332020-06-02T09:39:12Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_49298com_10459.1_239col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49299col_10459.1_10984
Spatial variability in orchards after land transformation: consequences for precision agriculture practices
Uribeetxebarria Alonso de Armiño, Asier
Daniele, Elisa
Escolà i Agustí, Alexandre
Arnó Satorra, Jaume
Martínez Casasnovas, José Antonio
Land use change
Apparent electrical conductivity
Multispectral image
vegetation index
The change from traditional to a more mechanized and technical agriculture has involved, in many cases, land transformations. This has supposed alteration of landforms and soils, with significant consequences. The effects of induced soil variability and the subsequent implications in site-specific crop management have not been sufficiently studied. The present work investigated the application of a resistivity soil sensor (Veris 3100), to map the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa), and detailed multispectral airborne images to analyse soil and crop spatial variability to assist in site-specific orchard management. The study was carried out in a peach orchard (Prunus persica (L.) Stokes), in an area transformed in the 1980 decade to change from rainfed arable crops to irrigated orchards. A total of 40 soil samples at two depths (0-30 cm and 30-60 cm) were analysed and compared to ECa and the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI). Two types of statistical analysis were performed between ECa or NDVI classes with soil properties: a linear correlation analysis and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results showed that the land transformation altered the spatial distribution and continuity of soil properties. Although a relationship between ECa and peach tree vigour could be expected, it was not found, even in the case of trees planted in soils with salts content above the tolerance threshold. Two types of management zones were proposed: a) zones delineated according to ECa classes to leach salts in the high ECa zones, and b) zones delineated according to NDVI classes to regulate tree vigour and yield. These strategies respond to the alteration of the original soil functions due to the land transformation carried out in previous years.
2018-05-03
2020-04-16
2018
2018-05-03
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.153
026846
0048-9697
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/63233
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.153
Science of the Total Environment, 2018, vol. 635, p. 343-352
MINECO/PN2013-2016/AGL2013-48297-C2-2-R
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
cc-by-nc-nd (c) Elsevier, 2018
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/654362019-01-18T12:24:39Zcom_10459.1_49298com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_239col_10459.1_49473col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_10984
What sensors tell about the crop environment
Arnó Satorra, Jaume
Martínez Casasnovas, José Antonio
Escolà i Agustí, Alexandre
Agricultura de precisió
Avant-títol: Sensing in Precision Ag
Our great-grandparents and their ancestors did not use any sensor but knew their fields perfectly. The reason is that they had their feet on the ground, literally. They had to walk throughout their fields either sowing, weeding or ploughing with mules. And they had time to know which areas in their fields were better than others. With the appearance of the tractor and agricultural mechanization in general, things started to go faster and fields started getting bigger, so much so, that sensors are now required to provide farmers with the information they once had. In this 4th Precision Ag Corner issue we will discover how different sensing systems can help farmers gather information on the surroundings of their crops. In the next issue of the magazine, we will cover the techniques allowing to sense the crops properties themselves.
2019-01-09
2017-09-14
2019-01-09
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
025941
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/65436
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://newaginternational.r.worldssl.net/images/flipbooks/PrecisionAgCorner-Eng-SepOct.pdf
New Ag International, 2017, vol. Sept/OCt 2017, núm. 67, p. 26-32
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) New Ag International SARL, 2017
New Ag International SARL
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/486652017-07-14T13:27:04Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_49452col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49454col_10459.1_44504
Mesophyll diffusion conductance to CO 2: An unappreciated central player in photosynthesis
Flexas, Jaume
Barbour, Margaret M.
Brendel, Oliver
Cabrera, H.M.
Carriquí, Marc
Díaz-Espejo, Antonio
Douthe, Cyril
Dreyer, Erwin
Ferrio Díaz, Juan Pedro
Galle, Alexander
Galmés, Jeroni
Kodama, Naomi
Medrano, Hipolito
Niinemets, Ülo
Peguero Pina, José Javier
Pou, Alicia
Ribas-Carbó, Miquel
Tomas, Magdalena
Tosens, Tiina
Warren, Charles R.
Aquaporins
Climate change
Conductance
Plant hydraulics
Photosynthesi
Mesophyll diffusion conductance to CO 2 is a key photosynthetic trait that has been studied intensively in the past years. The intention of the present review is to update knowledge of g m, and highlight the important unknown and controversial aspects that require future work. The photosynthetic limitation imposed by mesophyll conductance is large, and under certain conditions can be the most significant photosynthetic limitation. New evidence shows that anatomical traits, such as cell wall thickness and chloroplast distribution are amongst the stronger determinants of mesophyll conductance, although rapid variations in response to environmental changes might be regulated by other factors such as aquaporin conductance.Gaps in knowledge that should be research priorities for the near future include: how different is mesophyll conductance among phylogenetically distant groups and how has it evolved? Can mesophyll conductance be uncoupled from regulation of the water path? What are the main drivers of mesophyll conductance? The need for mechanistic and phenomenological models of mesophyll conductance and its incorporation in process-based photosynthesis models is also highlighted.
2015-08-25
2015-08-25
2012-11
article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.05.009
018119
1873-2259
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/48665
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.05.009
Plant Science, 2012, vol. 193-194 p. 70-84
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/246725
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Elsevier, 2012
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/490292023-03-27T12:39:08Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Mechanical properties of wood from Pinus sylvestris L. treated with Light Organic Solvent Preservative and with waterbone Copper Azole
Villasante Plágaro, Antonio M.
Laina, Ruben
Rojas, J. A. M.
Rojas, I. M.
Vignote, Santiago
Light Organic Solvent Preservative
MOE
Parallel compression
Aim of study: To determine the effect on wood from Pinus sylvestris of treatment with preservatives on mechanical
properties and to establish the relation between the penetration and compression strenght.
Area of study: Spain.
Material and methods: 40 samples of defect-free wood from Pinus sylvestris L. were treated with Light Organic
Solvent Preservative (Vacsol Azure WR 2601) and 50 with waterborne Copper Azole (Tanalith E 3492). 40 control
samples were not treated (water or preservative). Mechanical resistance to static bending, modulus of elasticity and
compression strength parallel to the grain were compared with untreated wood. Regression analysis between the
penetration and compression strength parallel was done with the samples treated with waterborne preservative.
Main results: The results indicate that the treated wood (with either product) presents a statistically significant
increase in mechanical resistance in all three mechanical characteristics. The results obtained differ from earlier studies
carried out by other authors.
There was no correlation between parallel compression strength and the degree of impregnation of the wood with
waterborne Copper Azole. The most probable explanation for these results concerns changes in pressure during
treatment.
The use of untreated control samples instead of samples treated only with water is more likely to produce significant
results in the mechanical resistance studies.
Research highlights: Treated wood presents a statistically significant increase in MOE, modulus of rupture to static
bending and parallel compression strength.
There was no correlation between parallel compression strength and the degree of impregnation with waterborne
preservative.
2015-11-23
2015-11-23
2013
article
https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2013223-03857
021757
2171-5068
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49029
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2013223-03857
Forest Systems, 2013, vol. 22, núm. 3, p. 416-422
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) INIA, 2013
INIA
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/599112023-01-09T14:47:20Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_47453col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_59998col_10459.1_49291
Comparative effect of three neurotoxic insecticides with different modes of action on adult males and females of three tortricid moth pests
Navarro Roldán, Miguel Ángel
Avilla Hernández, Jesús
Bosch Serra, Dolors
Valls Marsal, Joan
Gemeno Marín, César
Dose-response
Neurotoxic insecticide
Tortricidae
Adult insect
Sex difference
Insecticides are the dominant pest management method in fruit and vegetable crops worldwide owing to their quick effect, low cost, and relatively easy application, but they bear negative effects on human health and the environment. Insecticide mode of action (MoA), target species, and sex are variables that could affect insecticide-induced mortality. We recorded the mortality caused by three neurotoxic insecticides with different modes of action (chlorpyrifos [organophosphate, acetylcholinesterase inhibitor], λ-cyhalothrin [pyrethroid, sodium channel modulator], and thiacloprid [neonicotinoid, nicotinic acetylcholinesterase receptor agonist]) applied topically to adult males and females of three economically important tortricid species [Cydia pomonella (L.), Grapholita molesta (Busck), and Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller)] that strongly depend on insecticide use for their control. Concentration and dose-mortality curves were recorded at 24 and 48 h postapplication. Large mortality differences between insecticides (maximum 7,800-fold for LD50) were followed by much lower, yet important, differences between species (maximum 115-fold), and sexes (maximum 41.5-fold). Significant interactions between the three factors indicate that they are not independent from each other. Interestingly, with the organophosphate chlorpyrifos, males of the three species were less susceptible than females, which was unexpected, as females are larger than males. Higher female sensitivity to organophosphates has been reported previously but only in G. molesta, not in other moth species. Our results highlight the importance of taking into account sex in dose-mortality studies with adult moths.
2017-06-20
2018-04-11
2017
2017-06-20
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox113
025707
0022-0493
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/59911
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox113
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2017, vol. 110, núm. 4, p. 1740–1749
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/57672
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AGL2013-49164-C2-1-R/ES/CONTROL INTEGRADO DE PLAGAS EN CULTIVOS HORTOFRUTICOLAS/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Navarro et al., 2017
Oxford University Press
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/593972023-03-27T12:39:08Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_49298col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49299
Classifying Agricultural Terrain for Machinery Traversability Purposes
Yandun, Francisco J.
Gregorio López, Eduard
Zúñiga, Marcos
Escolà i Agustí, Alexandre
Rosell Polo, Joan Ramon
Auat Cheein, Fernando A.
Agricultural robotics
Terrain classification
Terramechanics modelling
Pattern recognition
The detection of the type of soil surface where a robotic vehicle is navigating on is an important issue for performing several agricultural tasks. Satisfactory results in activities such as seeding, plowing, fertilizing, among others depend on a correct identification of the vehicle environment, specially its contact interface with the ground. In the this work, the implementation of a supervised image texture classifier to recognize five different classes of typical agricultural soil surfaces is presented and analysed. The sensing device is the Microsoft Kinect for Windows V2, which allows to acquire RGB, IR and depth data. Only IR and depth data were used for the processing, since color information becomes unreliable under different illumination conditions. Two data acquisition modes allowed to validate and to apply the system in real operation conditions. The accuracy of the classifier was assessed under different configuration parameters, obtaining up to 93 percent of success rate, in ideal conditions. Real field conditions were simulated by placing the sensor over a moving wagon, obtaining up to 86 percent of success rate, showing in this way the usability of a low cost sensor such as the Kinect V2 for agricultural robotics.
2017-03-27
2017-03-27
2016
article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.10.083
024838
2405-8963
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/59397
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.10.083
IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2016, vol. 49, núm. 16, p. 457-462
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier, 2016
Elsevier
IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/831992022-05-13T00:24:24Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
Anthropogenic disturbances and the emergence of native diseases: a threat to forest health
Burgess, Treena
Oliva Palau, Jonàs
Sapsford, Sarah J.
Sakalidis, Monique L.
Balocchi, Felipe
Paap, Trudy
Abies alba
Araucaria araucana
Corymbia calophylla
Global change
Pinus strobus
Tree decline
Purpose of Review Human-caused global change is fundamentally altering natural forest ecosystems. More trees are exhibiting a wide range of symptoms indicative of poor vigour, particularly stressed species at the edge of their native ranges and stands growing on marginal sites. This review will focus on complex tree diseases (declines) caused by native pathogens and the key environmental drivers that contribute to this phenomenon. These systems are frequently complex, with multiple drivers at work. Recent Findings Using four cases studies on different continents, we explored the direct and indirect environmental drivers underlying these decline syndromes. Although climate and weather events seem to be usually associated with forest decline, we found that environmental disturbance by either forest management or land-use changes is also a global predisposing factor of decline which deserves more attention. Changes in land use have directly benefited pathogens such as root rots in the Pyrenees (Spain) or indirectly by making the environment more conducive for canker and foliar diseases in Australia and the USA. Focus on land-use changes could improve understanding of current decline problems such as those affecting Araucaria in Chile. The next century will almost certainly see an unprecedented rise in forest pathogen epidemics, requiring a proactive rather than reactive response. Diseases caused by native pathogens with complex aetiologies will become more common, and recognising, characterising and managing these epidemics are difficult because native pathogens are frequently already widespread, and eradication is not feasible. We need to start approaching these issues from a 'whole ecosystem' perspective, highlighting the many aspects and entanglements of forest declines and allowing us to respond with management options tailored to each scenario. The approach proposed here provides logical steps based on six questions to untangle the direct and indirect environmental drivers of tree declines.
2022-05-03
2022-05-03
2022
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-022-00163-0
2198-6436
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/83199
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-022-00163-0
Current Forestry Reports, 2022, p. 1-13
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Burgess et al., 2022
Springer
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/831592022-11-25T10:15:43Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Treetop: A Shiny-based application and R package for extracting forest information from LiDAR data for ecologists and conservationists
Alberto Silva, Carlos
Hudak, Andrew T.
Vierling, Lee A.
Valbuena, Ruben
Cardil Forradellas, Adrián
Mohan, Midhun
Alves de Almeida, Danilo Roberti
Broadbent, Eben N.
Almeyda Zambrano, Angelica M.
Wilkinson, Ben
Sharma, Ajay
Drake, Jason B.
Medley, Paul B.
Atticciati Prata, Gabriel
Atkins, Jeff W.
Hamamura, Caio
Johnson, Daniel J.
Klauberg, Carine
Airborne LiDAR
Change detection
Ecology
Individual trees
Spatial distribution
Individual tree detection (ITD) and crown delineation are two of the most relevant methods for extracting detailed and reliable forest information from LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) datasets. However, advanced computational skills and specialized knowledge have been normally required to extract forest information from LiDAR.The development of accessible tools for 3D forest characterization can facilitate rapid assessment by stakeholders lacking a remote sensing background, thus fostering the practical use of LiDAR datasets in forest ecology and conservation. This paper introduces the treetop application, an open-source web-based and R package LiDAR analysis tool for extracting forest structural information at the tree level, including cutting-edge analyses of properties related to forest ecology and management.We provide case studies of how treetop can be used for different ecological applications, within various forest ecosystems. Specifically, treetop was employed to assess post-hurricane disturbance in natural temperate forests, forest homogeneity in industrial forest plantations and the spatial distribution of individual trees in a tropical forest.treetop simplifies the extraction of relevant forest information for forest ecologists and conservationists who may use the tool to easily visualize tree positions and sizes, conduct complex analyses and download results including individual tree lists and figures summarizing forest structural properties. Through this open-source approach, treetop can foster the practical use of LiDAR data among forest conservation and management stakeholders and help ecological researchers to further understand the relationships between forest structure and function.
2022-04-27
2022-04-27
2022
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13830
032699
2041-210X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/83159
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13830
Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2022, p.1-13
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Alberto et al., 2022
British Ecological Society
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/729622022-07-07T09:30:20Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_44504
Climate, and not fire, drives the phylogenetic clustering of species with hard-coated seeds in Mediterranean basin communities
Santana, Victor M.
Alday, Josu G.
Adamo, Irene
Alloza, José A.
Baeza, M. Jaime
Adaptive trait
Community assembly
Habitat filtering
Hard coat
Seeder
Soils
Hardseededness is a common trait in Mediterranean plant communities, although the origin of its selection is controversial. It may be a mechanism of persistence to fire temperatures, but could also form part of a gap-detecting mechanism to provide germination cues under arid conditions. To disentangle this, we studied the phylogenetic structure of plant communities against fire frequency and aridity gradients. The phylogenetic structure in Mediterranean Basin ecosystems was analysed for the hardseededness trait as a whole and was separated by the families composing this trait (Fabaceae and Cistaceae). This study focused on woody perennial species. The phylogenetic structure was also contrasted against soil classes. Hardseededness on the whole, and for the Fabaceae family alone, showed phylogenetic clustering as aridity increased. Cistaceae displayed the opposite pattern with phylogenetic clustering in most humid areas, together with a significant soil effect. Surprisingly, fire frequency had no influence in any case. This climate-driven phylogenetic clustering indicates that the hardseededness trait could confer some fitness advantage under dry conditions. For this reason, coexisting species were more closely related in the community with increasing aridity. This effect was especially evident for the Fabaceae family. These results shed some light on the evolutionary selection of this adaptive trait under Mediterranean conditions. Our results question the role of fire in the selection of the hardseededness trait in Mediterranean Basin ecosystems and indicates that climate is the most important factor. Therefore, we should be cautious in assigning to fire a preponderant role in the selection of some plant traits.
2022-02-08
2022-02-08
2020
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2020.125545
030781
1618-0437
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/72962
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2020.125545
Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2020, vol. 45, p. 1-9
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/801586/EU/IberusTalent
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
cc-by-nc-nd (c) Elsevier, 2020
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/602472023-03-27T12:56:55Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_59571col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_59572
Enhanced 2,4-D metabolism in two resistant papaver rhoeas populations from Spain
Torra Farré, Joel
Rojano-Delgado, Antonia M.
Rey Caballero, Jordi
Royo-Esnal, Aritz
Salas, Maria L.
Prado, Rafael de
degradation
Plant detoxification process
Malathion
Synthetic auxin
Corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas), the most problematic broadleaf weed in winter cereals in Southern Europe, has developed resistance to the widely-used herbicide, 2,4-D. The first reported resistance mechanism in this species to 2,4-D was reduced translocation from treated leaves to the rest of the plant. However, the presence of other non-target site resistance (NTSR) mechanisms has not been investigated up to date. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to reveal if enhanced 2,4-D metabolism is also present in two Spanish resistant (R) populations to synthetic auxins. With this aim, HPLC experiments at two 2,4-D rates (600 and 2,400 g ai ha−1) were conducted to identify and quantify the metabolites produced and evaluate possible differences in 2,4-D degradation between resistant (R) and susceptible (S) plants. Secondarily, to determine the role of cytochrome P450 in the resistance response, dose-response experiments were performed using malathion as its inhibitor. Three populations were used: S, only 2,4-D R (R-703) and multiple R to 2,4-D and ALS inhibitors (R-213). HPLC studies indicated the presence of two hydroxy metabolites in these R populations in shoots and roots, which were not detected in S plants, at both rates. Therefore, enhanced metabolism becomes a new NTSR mechanism in these two P. rhoeas populations from Spain. Results from the dose-response experiments also showed that pre-treatment of R plants with the cytochrome P450 (P450) inhibitor malathion reversed the phenotype to 2,4-D from resistant to susceptible in both R populations. Therefore, it could be hypothesized that a malathion inhibited P450 is responsible of the formation of the hydroxy metabolites detected in the metabolism studies. This and previous research indicate that two resistant mechanisms to 2,4-D could be present in populations R-703 and R-213: reduced translocation and enhanced metabolism. Future experiments are required to confirm these hypotheses, understand the role of P450, and the relationship between both NTSR mechanisms. On this basis, selection pressure with synthetic auxins bears the risk of promoting the evolution enhanced metabolism in Papaver rhoeas.
2017-09-21
2017-09-21
2017-07-13
2017-09-21
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01584
025962
1664-462X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/60247
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01584
Frontiers In Plant Science, 2017, vol. 8, article 1584, p. 1-11
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es
cc-by (c) Torra et al., 2017
Frontiers Media
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/663032020-02-28T12:41:09Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_44504
Photoperiod-sensitivity genes shape floret development in wheat
Pérez-Gianmarco, Thomas I.
Slafer, Gustavo A.
González, Fernanda G.
Floret development
Floret survival
Photoperiod sensitivity
Wheat
Lengthening the pre-anthesis period of stem elongation (or late-reproductive phase, LRP) through altering photoperiod sensitivity has been suggested as a potential means to increase the number of fertile florets at anthesis (NFF) in wheat. However, little is known about the effects that the Ppd-1 genes modulating plant response to photoperiod may have on reproductive development. Here, five genotypes with either sensitive (b) or insensitive (a) alleles were grown in chambers under contrasting photoperiods (12 h or 16 h) to assess their effects. The genotypes consisted of the control cultivar Paragon (three Ppd-1b) and four near-isogenic lines of Paragon with Ppd-1a alleles introgressed from: Chinese Spring (Ppd-B1a), GS-100 (Ppd-A1a), Sonora 64 (Ppd-D1a), and Triple Insensitive (three Ppd-1a). Under a 12-h photoperiod, NFF in the genotypes followed the order three Ppd-1b > Ppd-B1a > Ppd-A1a > Ppd-D1a > three Ppd-1a. Under a 16-h photoperiod the differences were milder, but three Ppd-1b still had a greater NFF than the rest. As Ppd-1a alleles shortened the LRP, spikes were lighter and the NFF decreased. The results demonstrated for the first time that Ppd-1a decreases the maximum number of florets initiated through shortening the floret initiation phase, and this partially explained the variations in NFF. The most important impact of Ppd-1a alleles, however, was related to a reduction in survival of floret primordia, which resulted in the lower NFF. These findings reinforce the idea that an increased duration of the LRP, achieved through photoperiod sensitivity, would be useful for increasing wheat yield potential.
2019-05-14
2019-05-14
2018-12-21
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery449
029392
0022-0957
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/66303
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery449
Journal of Experimental Botany, 2019, vol. 70, núm. 4, p. 1339–1348
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/289842
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by, (c) Pérez-Gianmarco et al., 2019
Oxford University Press
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/707072021-03-11T00:20:20Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_68143col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_68144col_10459.1_44504
Halophytophthora fluviatilis Pathogenicity and Distribution along a Mediterranean-Subalpine Gradient
Caballol, Maria
Štraus, Dora
Macià, Héctor
Ramis, Xavier
Redondo, Miguel Ángel
Oliva Palau, Jonàs
Oomycetes
Quercus suber
Alnus glutinosa
Climate change
Halophytophthora species have been traditionally regarded as brackish water oomycetes; however, recent reports in inland freshwater call for a better understanding of their ecology and possible pathogenicity. We studied the distribution of Halophytophthora fluviatilis in 117 forest streams by metabarcoding river filtrates taken in spring and autumn and by direct isolation from floating leaves. Pathogenicity on six Fagaceae species and Alnus glutinosa was assessed by stem inoculations. The distribution of H. fluviatilis was correlated with high mean annual temperatures (>93.5% of reports in Ta > 12.2 °C) and low precipitation records. H. fluviatilis was therefore widely distributed in forest streams in a warm–dry climate, but it was mostly absent in subalpine streams. H. fluviatilis was primarily detected in autumn with few findings in spring (28.4% vs. 2.7% of streams). H. fluviatilis was able to cause small lesions on some tree species such as Quercus pubescens, Q. suber and A. glutinosa. Our findings suggest that H. fluviatilis may be adapted to warm and dry conditions, and that it does not pose a significant threat to the most common Mediterranean broadleaved trees.
2021-03-10
2021-03-10
2021-02-03
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7020112
2309-608X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/70707
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7020112
Journal of Fungi, 2021, vol. 7, núm. 2, p. 112
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/801586/EU/IberusTalent
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Caballol et al., 2021
MDPI
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/303382020-07-14T08:39:40Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Differences in phasic development rate amongst wheat cultivars independent of responses to photoperiod and vernalization. A viewpoint of the intrinsic earliness hypothesis
Slafer, Gustavo A.
Differences amongst wheat cultivars in the rate of reproductive development are largely dependent on differences in their sensitivity to photoperiod and vernalization. However, when these responses are accounted for, by growing vernalized seedlings under long photoperiods, cultivars can still differ markedly in time to ear emergence. Control of rate of development by this ‘third factor’ has been poorly understood and is variously referred to as intrinsic earliness, earliness in the narrow sense, basic vegetative period, earliness per se, and basic development rate. Certain assumptions are made in the concept of intrinsic earliness. They are that differences in intrinsic earliness (i) are independent of the responses of the cultivars to photoperiod and vernalization, (ii) apply only to the length of the vegetative period up to floral initiation (as suggested by several authors), (iii) are maintained under different temperatures, measured either in days or degree days. As a consequence of this, the ranking of cultivars (from intrinsically early to intrinsically late) must be maintained at different temperatures. This paper, by the re-analysis of published data, examines the extent to which these assumptions can be supported. Although it is shown that intrinsic earliness operates independently of photoperiod and vernalization responses, the other assumptions were not supported. The differences amongst genotypes in time to ear emergence, grown under above-optimum vernalization and photoperiod (that is when the response to these factors is saturated), were not exclusively due to parallel differences in the length of the vegetative phase, and the length of the reproductive phase was independent of that of the vegetative phase. Thus, it would be possible to change the relative allocation of time to vegetative and reproductive periods with no change in the full period to ear emergence.
The differences in intrinsic earliness between cultivars were modified by the temperature regime under which they were grown, i.e. the difference between cultivars (both considering the full phase to ear emergence or some sub-phases) was not a constant amount of time or thermal time at different temperatures. In addition, in some instances genotypes changed their ranking for ‘intrinsic earliness’ depending on the temperature regime. This was interpreted to mean that while all genotypes are sensitive to temperature they differ amongst themselves in the extent of that sensitivity.
Therefore, ‘intrinsic earliness’ should not be considered as a static genotypic characteristic, but the result of the interaction between the genotype and temperature. Intrinsic earliness is therefore likely to be related to temperature sensitivity. Some implications of these conclusions for plant breeding and crop simulation modelling are discussed.
2011-02-10
2011-02-10
1996
article
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600075493
007019
0021-8596
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/30338
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600075493
Journal of Agricultural Science, 1996, vol. 126, núm. 4, p. 403–419
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Cambridge University Press, 1996
Cambridge University Press
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/568252021-08-30T15:04:28Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291col_10459.1_44504
Metabolic engineering of plant secondary products: which way forward?
Miralpeix i Anglada, Bruna
Rischer, Heiko
Häkkinen, Suvi T.
Ritala, Anneli
Seppänen-Laakso, Tuulikki
Oksman-Caldentey, Kirsi-Marja
Capell Capell, Teresa
Christou, Paul
Metabolic engineering
Secondary metabolites
Plant cell culture
Secondary products are small molecular weight compounds produced by secondary metabolic pathways in plants. They are re-
garded as non-essential for normal growth and development but often confer benefits such as defense against pathogens, pests an
d herbi-
vores or the attraction of pollinators. Many secondary products affect the survival and/or behavior of microbes, insects and ma
mmals and
they often have useful pharmacological effects in humans. Most secondary products can only be obtained as extracts from medicin
al
plants, many of which grow slowly and are difficult to cultivate. Chemical synthesis, although possible in principle, is often
impractical
or uneconomical due to the complexity of their molecular structures. The large scale production of secondary products by metabo
lic en-
gineering has therefore been investigated in a number of heterologous systems including microbes, plant cell/organ cultures, an
d intact
plants. In this critical review of production platforms for plant secondary products, we discuss the advantages and constraints
of different
approaches and the impact of post-genomics technologies on gene discovery and metabolite analysis. We highlight bottlenecks that re-
main to be overcome before the routine exploitation of secondary products can be achieved for the benefit of mankind.
2016-04-12
2025-01-01
2013
article
https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319310016
019807
1381-6128
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/56825
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319310016
Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2013, vol. 19, p. 5622-5639
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/222716
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/232933
MIECI/PN2004-2007/BFU2007-61413
MICINN/2008-2011/BIO2011-23324
MICINN/2008-2011/BIO2011-22525
MICINN/PN2008-2011/PIM2010PKB-00746
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) Bentham Science Publishers, 2013
Bentham Science Publishers
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/303452020-07-14T08:39:40Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Studies on maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) in northeast Spain
Achón Samá, Mª Ángeles
Lomonosoff, George P.
Medina Piles, Vicente
2011-02-14
2011-02-14
1995
article
https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:19950733
005302
0249-5627
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/30345
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:19950733
Agronomie, 1995, vol. 15, núm. 7-8, p. 501
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Institut national de la recherche agronomique (França), 1995
(c) EDP Sciences, 1995
Institut national de la recherche agronomique (França)
EDP Sciences
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4651062024-02-23T11:06:57Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
AmodalAppleSize_RGB-D dataset: RGB-D images of apple trees annotated with modal and amodal segmentation masks for fruit detection, visibility and size estimation
Gené Mola, Jordi
Ferrer Ferrer , Mar
Hemming, Jochen
Dalfsen, Pieter van
Hoog, Dirk de
Sanz-Cortiella, Ricardo
Rosell Polo, Joan Ramon
Vilaplana, Verónica
Ruiz-Hidalgo, Javier
Gregorio, Eduard
Agricultural robotics
Amodal segmentation
Depth image
Fruit measurement
The present dataset comprises a collection of RGB-D apple tree images that can be used to train and test computer vision-based fruit detection and sizing methods. This dataset encompasses two distinct sets of data obtained from a Fuji and an Elstar apple orchards. The Fuji apple orchard sub-set consists of 3925 RGB-D images containing a total of 15,335 apples annotated with both modal and amodal apple segmentation masks. Modal masks denote the visible portions of the apples, whereas amodal masks encompass both visible and occluded apple regions. Notably, this dataset is the first public resource to incorporate on-tree fruit amodal masks. This pioneering inclusion addresses a critical gap in existing datasets, enabling the development of robust automatic fruit sizing methods and accurate fruit visibility estimation, particularly in the presence of partial occlusions. Besides the fruit segmentation masks, the dataset also includes the fruit size (calliper) ground truth for each annotated apple. The second sub-set comprises 2731 RGB-D images capturing five Elstar apple trees at four distinct growth stages. This sub-set includes mean diameter information for each tree at every growth stage and serves as a valuable resource for evaluating fruit sizing methods trained with the first sub-set. The present data was employed in the research paper titled “Looking behind occlusions: a study on amodal segmentation for robust on-tree apple fruit size estimation”.
2024-02-16
2024-02-16
2024
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2023.110000
033811
2352-3409
https://repositori.udl.cat/handle/10459.1/465106
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2023.110000
Data in Brief, 2024, vol. 52, núm. 110000, p. 1-9
https://doi.org/10.34810/data916
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-094222-B-I00/ES/TECNOLOGIAS DE AGRICULTURA DE PRECISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL MANEJO DEL DOSEL FOLIAR Y LA PROTECCION FITOSANITARIA SOSTENIBLE EN PLANTACIONES FRUTALES/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica, Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-126648OB-I00/ES/PROTECCION DE CULTIVOS DE PRECISION PARA CONSEGUIR OBJETIVOS DEL PACTO VERDE EUROPEO EN USO EFICIENTE Y REDUCCION DE FITOSANITARIOS MEDIANTE AGRICULTURA DE PRECISION/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-117142GB-I00/ES/APRENDIZAJE PROFUNDO EFICIENTE PARA SECUENCIAS DE VIDEO Y NUBES DE PUNTOS/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Gené et al., 2024
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/416182020-07-14T08:39:40Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_239col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_10984
Vuelos de la defoliadora de maíz, pastos y céspedes, Mythimna (Pseudaletia) unipuncta (Haworth) en la zona de Lleida
López Alonso, Carmen
Sans i Badia, Albert
Eizaguirre Altuna, Matilde
Mythimna
Pseudaletia
Unipuncta
Vuelos
Mythimna unipuncta causa daños en gramíneas cultivadas (principalmente maíz) y
céspedes cuya importancia ha ido aumentando los últimos años. En nuestra región presenta cuatro vuelos de adultos. Los daños causados por la descendencia del primer y cuarto vuelo no han sido apreciables, mientras que la descendencia del segundo vuelo ha causado daños de consideración en algunos campos de maíz y la del tercero en céspedes públicos. Se han calculado los grados -día necesarios para completar cada generación en campo y en el laboratorio. Se ha observado que casi todas las hembras capturadas del cuarto vuelo estaban apareadas y habían depositado sus huevos.
Mythimna unipuncta causes damages in gramineous tillage plants (mainly maize)
and lawns, which importance has increased in the last years. In our region the species
shows four nights of adults. Damages caused by the offspring of the first and fourth
flight have not been noticeable. Offspring of the second generation of adults has produced noticeable damages in some maize crops and offspring of the adults of the third flight has produced damages in public lawns. Degree-days necessaries for each complete generation have been calculated in field and in laboratory. Nearly all females of the fourth flight caught in light traps were mated and had laid their eggs.
2011-09-21
2011-09-21
2000
article
001277
0213-6910
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/41618
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a http://www.marm.es/ministerio/pags/biblioteca/revistas/pdf_plagas/BSVP-26-02-255-259.pdf
Boletín de sanidad vegetal. Plagas, 2001, vol. 26, núm. 2, p. 255-259
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Espanya. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino, 2000
Espanya. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/493522023-01-27T14:57:23Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_238com_10459.1_49298col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_309col_10459.1_49299col_10459.1_49291
Obtaining the three-dimensional structure of tree orchards from remote 2D terrestrial LIDAR scanning
Rosell Polo, Joan Ramon
Llorens Calveras, Jordi
Sanz Cortiella, Ricardo
Arnó Satorra, Jaume
Ribes Dasi, Manuel
Masip Vilalta, Joan
Escolà i Agustí, Alexandre
Camp, Ferran
Solanelles Batlle, Francesc
Gràcia, Felip
Gil Moya, Emilio
Val, Luis
Planas de Martí, Santiago
Palacín Roca, Jordi
Terrestrial LIDAR
Laser measurements
3D Plant structure
Tree volume
In recent years, LIDAR (light detection and ranging) sensors have been widely used to measure environmental parameters such as the structural characteristics of trees, crops and forests. Knowledge of the structural characteristics of plants has a high scientific value due to their influence in many biophysical processes including, photosynthesis, growth, CO2-sequestration and evapotranspiration, playing a key role in the exchange of matter and energy between plants and the atmosphere, and affecting terrestrial, above-ground, carbon storage. In this work, we report the use of a 2D LIDAR scanner in agriculture to obtain three-dimensional (3D) structural characteristics of plants. LIDAR allows fast, non-destructive measurement of the 3D structure of vegetation (geometry, size, height, cross-section, etc.). LIDAR provides a 3D cloud of points, which is easily visualized with Computer Aided Design software. Three-dimensional, high density data are uniquely valuable for the qualitative and quantitative study of the geometric parameters of plants. Results are demonstrated in fruit and citrus orchards and vineyards, leading to the conclusion that the LIDAR system is able to measure the geometric characteristics of plants with sufficient precision for most agriculture applications. The developed system made it possible to obtain 3D digitalized images of crops, from which a large amount of plant information – such as height, width, volume, leaf area index and leaf area density – could be obtained. There was a great degree of concordance between the physical dimensions, shape and global appearance of the 3D digital plant structure and the real plants, revealing the coherence of the 3D tree model obtained from the developed system with respect to the real structure. For some selected trees, the correlation coefficient obtained between manually measured volumes and those obtained from the 3D LIDAR models was as high as 0.976.
2016-01-20
2016-01-20
2009
article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.04.008
013542
0168-1923
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49352
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.04.008
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2009, vol. 149, núm. 9, p. 1505-1515
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICYT//AGL2002‐04260‐C04‐02/ES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Elsevier, 2009
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/600232017-11-30T14:23:33Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Intraspecific Variation in Female Sex Pheromone of the Codling Moth Cydia pomonella
Duménil, Claire
Judd, Gary J. R.
Bosch Serra, Dolors
Baldessari, Mario
Gemeno Marín, César
Groot, Astrid T.
Cydia pomonella
Mating disruption
Sexual communication
Lepidoptera
Tortricidae
Communication interference
Codlemone
Pheromone
The codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae), is a major
pest of apple, pear and walnut orchards worldwide. This pest is often controlled using the
biologically friendly control method known as pheromone-based mating disruption. Mating
disruption likely exerts selection on the sexual communication system of codling moth, as
male and female moths will persist in their attempt to meet and mate. Surprisingly little is
known on the intraspecific variation of sexual communication in this species. We started an
investigation to determine the level of individual variation in the female sex pheromone
composition of this moth and whether variation among different populations might be
correlated with use of mating disruption against those populations. By extracting pheromone
glands of individual females from a laboratory population in Canada and from populations
from apple orchards in Spain and Italy, we found significant between- and within-population variation. Comparing females that had been exposed to mating disruption, or not, revealed
a significant difference in sex pheromone composition for two of the minor components.
Overall, the intraspecific variation observed shows the potential for a shift in female sexual
signal when selection pressure is high, as is the case with continuous use of mating disruption.
2017-07-10
2017-07-10
2014
article
https://doi.org/10.3390/insects5040705
025729
2075-4450
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/60023
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.3390/insects5040705
Insects, 2014, vol. 5, p. 705-721
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Duménil., 2014
MDPI
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/656722020-11-25T11:30:41Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_44504
Productos forestales: más allá de la madera
Redondo, Concha
Mutke, Sven
Adams, Sarah
Bonet Lledos, José Antonio
Calama, Rafael
Sánchez González, M.
Rubio, Roberto
Martínez de Arano, Inazio
Productos forestales no madereros
INCREdible
Unión Europea
El cambio de paradigma de la economía europea hacia una bioeconomía basada en el conocimiento requiere repensar los procesos productivos y los patrones de consumo preponderantes. En este contexto está ganando relevancia el aprovechamiento de los productos forestales, al ofrecer una fuente sostenible de recursos alternativos a las materias primas fósiles. Aparte de madera para uso estructural como forma de construcción alternativa, como fuente de fibra natural y como biomasa energética, el monte mediterráneo se caracteriza por suministrar también una serie de productos no madereros singulares de alto valor añadido. El corcho es materia única en el mundo, la resina natural ofrece alternativa a la petroquímica, y hay plantas aromáticas y medicinales y una gama de alimentos silvestres de gama alta (frutos, setas, trufa, frutos secos como el piñón y la castaña). El desarrollo y la modernización de las respectivas cadenas de valor han sido muy desiguales entre productos, regiones y países. Pero frente a amenazas exteriores como el cambio climático y la globalización del comercio sin garantías de estándares efectivos de calidad, más que competir entre ellos, hace falta una mayor cooperación, vertebración e intercambio de experiencia y modelos de éxito para desarrollar el potencial de esta gama de productos del monte, creando conciencia de su excelencia en el consumidor. La reciente red temática sobre INnovación en productos forestales no madereros como Corcho, Resina y Edibles (INCREdible) es una iniciativa europea para trabajar entre centros tecnológicos, la academia y los sectores en esta línea de fortalecimiento mutuo.
2019-01-30
2019-01-30
2018
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
027226
1575-2356
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/65672
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a http://www.forestales.net/Canales/Ficha.aspx?IdMenu=b6947309-987f-4bff-808d-4e7e974ccaf8&Cod=261345d5-f243-48a3-9294-f4b5be2cca9d&Idioma=es-ES
Foresta, 2018 , núm. 70, p. 48-55
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/774632/EU/INCREdible
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Asociación y Colegio Oficial de Ingenieros Técnicos Forestales y Graduados en Ingeniería Forestal y del Medio Natural
Colegio Oficial de Ingenieros Técnicos Forestales
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/587682023-03-27T12:39:08Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
An automated disc infiltrometer for infiltration rate measurements using a microflowmeter
Moret Fernández, D.
Gonzalez, C.
Lampurlanés Castel, Jorge
Vicente, J.
Disc infiltrometer
Infiltration rate
Microflowmeter
This work presents a new design of disc infiltrometer, which, associated with a microflowmeter (MF) and a solenoid valve set,
makes it possible to automate the infiltration rate (Q) measurements at different soil pressure heads ( ). The MF consists of
a 13Ð8-cm long and 1Ð5 mm i.d. pipe, with a pressure transducer connecting the two ends of the MF, inserted in a water-flow
pipe that connects the Mariotte tube and the water-supply reservoir of the disc infiltrometer. Water flow is calculated from
the head losses in the MF. Changes in ψ in the bubble tower, automatically affected when the infiltration rate reaches steady
state, are controlled by a datalogger connected to four solenoid valves. The new design was tested in laboratory and field
conditions, and the results showed that the MF allows the soil water infiltration rates to be correctly estimated for different
soil characteristics. The solenoid valve set plus datalogger system satisfactorily monitored the changes in and allowed the
measurement time to be optimized.
2016-12-05
2025-01-01
2012
article
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8184
016745
0885-6087
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58768
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8184
Hydrological Processes, 2012, vol. 26, núm. 2, p. 240-245
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MEC//AGL2007-66320-C02-02/ES/LABOREO DE CONSERVACION EN SISTEMAS AGRICOLAS DE SECANO EN EL VALLE DEL EBRO: ALMACENAMIENTO DE C Y N Y ESTRUCTURA DEL SUELO/
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2011
Wiley
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/731992023-11-10T09:45:19Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
Modeling emergence of sterile oat (Avena sterilis spp. ludoviciana) under semi-arid conditions
Sousa Ortega, Carlos
Royo-Esnal, Aritz
Loureiro, Iñigo
Marí, Ana Isabel
Lezáun San Martín, Juan Antonio
Cordero, Fernando
Saavedra, Milagros
Paramio, José Antonio
Fernández, José Luis
Torra Farré, Joel
Urbano, José María
Hydrothermal model
Phenology
RMSE
Seedling emergence model
Weibull
Winter wild oat
Winter wild oat [Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana (Durieu) Gillet & Magne; referred to as A. sterilis here] is one of the major weed species of the Avena genus, given its high competitive ability to infest cereal crops worldwide, with special concern in Spain. A nine-location field experiment was established across Spain where a total of 400 A. sterilis seeds per location were sowed in four replicates in autumn 2016 to monitor the emergence during two growing seasons in dryland conditions. The data were used to test the prediction ability of previously published thermal (TT) and hydrothermal time (HTT) models and to develop new models, if required. Overall, the average percentage of emergence was 30% during the first season and 21% during the second season. In both seasons, the main emergence flush occurred between November and February. According to the phenological stage, A. sterilis achieved the tillering earlier in southern sites, between November 25 and the end of December, compared with northern sites, where this stage was reached at the end of January. The newly developed model described the emergence with precision, using three cardinal temperatures to estimate the TT. The three cardinal points were established at −1.0, 5.8, and 18.0 C for base (T b), optimum (T o), and ceiling temperature (T c), while the base water potential (Ψb) was established at −0.2 MPa for the HTT estimation. This study contributes to improving prediction of the emergence of A. sterilis and provides knowledge for decision support systems (DSS) for the control of this weed.
2022-03-07
2022-03-07
2021
2022-03-07
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2021.10
031873
0043-1745
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/73199
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2021.10
Weed Science, 2021, vol. 69, p. 341-352
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Sousa et al., 2021
Weed Science Society of America
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/684112023-03-27T12:39:08Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
The role of below-ground competition during early stages of secondary succession: the case of 3-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings in an abandoned grassland
Picon-Cochard, Catherine
Coll Mir, Lluís
Balandier, Philippe
Light
Morphological and physiological plasticity
Soil water and N
In abandoned or extensively managed grasslands, the mechanisms involved in pioneer tree species success are not fully explained. Resource competition among plants and microclimate modifications have been emphasised as possible mechanisms to explain variation of survivorship and growth. In this study, we evaluated a number of mechanisms that may lead to successful survival and growth of seedlings of a pioneer tree species (Pinus sylvestris) in a grass-dominated grassland. Three-year-old Scots pines were planted in an extensively managed grassland of the French Massif Central and for 2 years were either maintained in bare soil or subjected to aerial and below-ground interactions induced by grass vegetation. Soil temperatures were slightly higher in bare soil than under the grass vegetation, but not to an extent explaining pine growth differences. The tall grass canopy reduced light transmission by 77% at ground level and by 20% in the upper part of Scots pine seedlings. Grass vegetation presence also significantly decreased soil volumetric water content (Hv) and soil nitrate in spring and in summer. In these conditions, the average tree height was reduced by 5% compared to trees grown in bare soil, and plant biomass was reduced by 85%. Scots pine intrinsic water-use efficiency (A/g), measured by leaf gas-exchange, increased when Hv decreased owing to a rapid decline of stomatal conductance (g). This result was also confirmed by δ 13C analyses of needles. A summer 15N labelling of seedlings and grass vegetation confirmed the higher NO3 capture capacity of grass vegetation in comparison with Scots pine seedlings. Our results provide evidence that the seedlings' success was linked to tolerance of below-ground resource depletion (particularly water) induced by grass vegetation based on morphological and physiological plasticity as well as to resource conservation.
2020-04-02
2020-04-02
2006-02-18
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-006-0379-2
028877
0029-8549
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68411
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-006-0379-2
Oecologia, 2006, vol. 148, p. 373-383
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Springer-Verlag, 2006
Springer Nature
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/470502023-03-27T12:56:55Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Nuevas tendencias en la producción de plantas de vivero de frutales
Urbina Vallejo, Valero
Dalmases Mestre, Josep
Pascual Roca, Miquel
La producción de planta de vivero de frutales debe adaptarse a los nuevos requisitos legales y a las necesidades de las explotaciones frutales. Los viveros tienen que incorporar rápidamente las nuevas variedades obtenidas, ofrecer plantas de buena calidad, con un desarrollo y estructura acorde con los nuevos sistemas de plantación y que tengan un precio asequible para la explotación.
2014-03-05
2014-03-05
2006
article
011237
1133-8938
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/47050
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a http://www.vidarural.es/articulos-nuevas-tendencias-produccion-planta-vivero-frutales/1/124.html
Vida rural, 2006, núm. 235, p. 46-52
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Eumedia, 2006
Eumedia
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/710552023-03-27T12:56:55Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Weeds in Cover Crops: Context and Management Considerations
Baraibar Padró, Bàrbara
White, Charles M.
Hunter, Mitchell C.
Finney, Denise M.
Barbercheck, Mary E.
Kaye, Jason P.
Curran, William S.
Bunchek, Jess
Mortensen, David A.
Ecosystem services
Soil erosion
Cover
Nutrient management
Trade-offs
Cover crops are increasingly being adopted to provide multiple ecosystem services such as improving soil health, managing nutrients, and decreasing soil erosion. It is not uncommon for weeds to emerge in and become a part of a cover crop plant community. Since the role of cover cropping is to supplement ecosystem service provisioning, we were interested in assessing the impacts of weeds on such provisioning. To our knowledge, no research has examined how weeds in cover crops may impact the provision of ecosystem services and disservices. Here, we review services and disservices associated with weeds in annual agroecosystems and present two case studies from the United States to illustrate how weeds growing in fall-planted cover crops can provide ground cover, decrease potential soil losses, and effectively manage nitrogen. We argue that in certain circumstances, weeds in cover crops can enhance ecosystem service provisioning. In other circumstances, such as in the case of herbicide-resistant weeds, cover crops should be managed to limit weed biomass and fecundity. Based on our case studies and review of the current literature, we conclude that the extent to which weeds should be allowed to grow in a cover crop is largely context-dependent.
2021-04-19
2021-04-19
2021-02-26
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11030193
032881
2077-0472
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/71055
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11030193
Agriculture, 2021, vol. 11, núm. 3, article 193
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Baraibar Padró et al., 2021
MDPI
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/603692017-10-27T12:43:46Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Inspirations on virus replication and cell-to-cell movement from studies examining the cytopathology induced by lettuce infectious yellows virus in plant cells
Qiao, Wenjie
Medina Piles, Vicente
Falk, Bryce W.
Closteroviridae
Cytopathology
Membrane remodeling
Virus replication
Lettuce infectious yellows virus (LIYV) is the type member of the genus Crinivirus in the family Closteroviridae. Like many other positive-strand RNA viruses, LIYV infections induce a number of cytopathic changes in plant cells, of which the two most characteristic are: Beet yellows virus-type inclusion bodies composed of vesicles derived from cytoplasmic membranes; and conical plasmalemma deposits (PLDs) located at the plasmalemma over plasmodesmata pit fields. The former are not only found in various closterovirus infections, but similar structures are known as ‘viral factories’ or viroplasms in cells infected with diverse types of animal and plant viruses. These are generally sites of virus replication, virion assembly and in some cases are involved in cell-to-cell transport. By contrast, PLDs induced by the LIYV-encoded P26 non-virion protein are not involved in replication but are speculated to have roles in virus intercellular movement. These deposits often harbor LIYV virions arranged to be perpendicular to the plasma membrane over plasmodesmata, and our recent studies show that P26 is required for LIYV systemic plant infection. The functional mechanism of how LIYV P26 facilitates intercellular movement remains unclear, however, research on other plant viruses provides some insights on the possible ways of viral intercellular movement through targeting and modifying plasmodesmata via interactions between plant cellular components and viral-encoded factors. In summary, beginning with LIYV, we review the studies that have uncovered the biological determinants giving rise to these cytopathological effects and their importance in viral replication, virion assembly and intercellular movement during the plant infection by closteroviruses, and compare these findings with those for other positive-strand RNA viruses.
2017-10-26
2017-10-26
2017
article
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01672
025976
1664-462X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/60369
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01672
Frontiers Media, 2017, vol. 8, núm. 1672, p. 1-13
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Qiao et al., 2017
Frontiers Media
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/723972023-03-27T12:56:55Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Potential of VIS/NIR spectroscopy to detect and predict bitter pit in ‘Golden Smoothee’ apples
Torres Lezcano, Estanis
Recasens Guinjuan, Inmaculada
Alegre Castellví, Simó
Prediction of disorders
Calcium disorders
Multiclass classification
Binary-class classification
Aim of study: A portable VIS/NIR spectrometer and chemometric techniques were combined to identify bitter pit (BP) in Golden apples.
Area of study: Worldwide
Material and methods: Three different classification algorithms – linear discriminant analysis (LDA), quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) and support-vector machine (SVM) –were used in two experiments. In experiment #1, VIS/NIR measurements were carried out at postharvest on apples previously classified according to 3 classes (class 1: non-BP; class 2: slight symptoms; class 3: severe symptoms). In experiment #2, VIS/NIR measurements were carried out on healthy apples collected before harvest to determinate the capacity of the classification algorithms for detecting BP prior to the appearance of symptoms.
Main results: In the experiement #1, VIS/NIR spectroscopy showed great potential in pitted apples detection with visibly symptoms (accuracies of 75–81%). The linear classifier LDA performed better than the multivariate non-linear QDA and SVM classifiers in discriminating between healthy and bitter pitted apples. In the experiment #2, the accuracy to predict bitter pit prior to the appearance of visible symptoms decreased to 44–57%.
Research highlights: The identification of apples with bitter pit through VIS/NIR spectroscopy may be due to chlorophyll degradation and/or changes in intercellular water in fruit tissue.
2021-11-23
2021-11-23
2021
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2021191-15656
2171-9292
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/72397
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2021191-15656
Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 2021, vol. 19, núm. 1, e1001
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) INIA, 2021
Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/677252023-03-27T12:56:55Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
Sowing date affects maize development and yield in irrigated Mediterranean environments
Maresma Galindo, Ángel
Ballesta Remy, Astrid
Santiveri Morata, Paquita
Lloveras Vilamanyà, Jaume
Corn
Planting
sowing date
Yield
Population density
Timely sowing is critical for maximizing yield for both grain and biomass in maize.The effects of early (mid-March), normal (mid-April), and late (mid-May) sowing date (SD) werestudied over a three-year period in irrigated maize under Mediterranean conditions. Early SDincreased the number of days from sowing to plant emergence. Late SD reduced the number of daysto plant maturity, and had higher forage yields, higher grain humidity, and taller plants. The averagegrain and forage yields achieved were 13.2 and 21.3 Mg ha−1; 14.0 and 25.1 Mg ha−1; and 12.8 and27.6 Mg ha−1, for crops with early, normal, and late SD, respectively. The data support the generalperception of farmers that April sowings are the most appropriate in the area where the experimentswere carried out. Early SD resulted in lower population densities, while later SD did not yield(grain) as high. However, late SD produced taller plants that contributed to achieve higher forageyields. Late SD could be interesting for double annual forage cropping systems. Sowing at the mostappropriate time, when the soil is warm, ensures a good level of maize grain production. Futureresearch could focus in the effect of SD for total annual yields in double-annual cropping systems.
2019-12-16
2019-12-16
2019-03-26
2019-12-16
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9030067
029332
2077-0472
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/67725
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9030067
Agriculture, 2019, vol. 9, num. 67, p. 1-10
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Maresma Galindo et al., 2019
MDPI
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/588722022-10-20T20:36:27Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291col_10459.1_44504
Fruiting efficiency in wheat: physiological aspects and geneticvariation among modern cultivars
Elía Martínez, Mónica
Savin, Roxana
Slafer, Gustavo A.
Yield
Yield components
Spike dry weight
Fertile florets
Efforts to enhance the yield of wheat require increases in the number of grains per m2 (GN) which depends on spike fertility, i.e. the number of fertile florets or grains per spike. Fruiting efficiency (FE), the number of grains set per unit spike dry weight at anthesis, has been proposed as an alternative trait to improve spike fertility and thus GN. The use of FE in realistic breeding programs requires genetic variation within well-adapted, high-yielding modern cultivars and a lack of trade-off with other yield components. We quantified FE variation within Spanish elite material and determined whether the variation implied trade-offs with spike dry weight or grain weight (GW). Field experiments under contrasting nitrogen conditions were carried out with nine elite genotypes (eight modern cultivars and one advanced line) in which the number of fertile florets and grains were determined for different spikelets and the whole spike. Furthermore, the partitioning of dry matter was investigated at anthesis and maturity. Overall, the yield was strongly related to GN because environmental and genetic factors contributed to this relationship, although as expected for elite material the environmental effect was much greater than the genotype. Environmental effects on GN mainly influenced spike dry weight at anthesis (SDWa) whereas most genotypic differences were due to FE variation. Averaging across environments, the FE was c. 110–170 grains gspike−1. Although some G × E interactions were observed, there was no reversal in ranking between genotypes with extreme FEs across environments, and genotypic differences across environmental conditions were consistent (h2 = 0.46). The relationship between FE and the individual weight of fertile florets tended to be negative, although rather than a constitutive reduction in floret size driving the improvements in FE, this relationship appeared to reflect the increased proportion of smaller grains (distal florets in each spikelet) due to changes in spike fertility. FE was not related to grain weight (either the average of all grains or that of the most proximal grains). Therefore, differences in FE among the elite genotypes did not imply constitutively-linked changes in grain weight. When chaff dry weight was used as a proxy for SDWa to estimate genotypic variation in FE, we observed the consistent underestimation of FE and also changes in the ranking of genotypes.
2016-12-20
2025-01-01
2016
article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.02.019
024609
0378-4290
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58872
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.02.019
Field Crops Research, 2016, vol. 191, p. 83-90
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/289842
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AGL2012-35300/ES/CONTROL GENETICO DE ATRIBUTOS FISIOLOGICOS DETERMINANTES DEL NUMERO DE GRANOS EN TRIGO/
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) Elsevier B.V., 2016
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/487062023-01-09T18:04:07Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Phenology and interspecific association of Forficula auricularia and Forficula pubescens in apple orchards
Lordan Sanahuja, Jaume
Alegre Castellví, Simó
Moerkens, Rob
Sarasua Saucedo, Ma. José
Alins Valls, Georgina
The European earwig Forficula auricularia L. (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) has been widely studied as a key predator of pests in temperate regions, but its phenology and behavior may differ in warmer areas such as the Mediterranean. Here we assessed the phenology, aggregation, and interspecific association of F. auricularia and Forficula pubescens Gené, the only two species found consistently in both ground and canopy shelters in Mediterranean apple orchards. In addition to F. auricularia and F. pubescens, three other earwig species, namely Labidura riparia Pallas, Nala lividipes Dufour and Euborellia moesta Gené, were found occasionally. The mature stages of F. auricularia were observed mainly from May to November in tree shelters and immature ones from October to June in ground shelters. Adult individuals of F. pubescens were observed year-round and nymph instars were detected from April to June in ground as well as in tree shelters. The suitability of the current degree-days models for temperate regions was evaluated for the prediction of European earwig phenology in a Mediterranean climate. Regarding interspecific association, F. auricularia and F. pubescens co-occurred in canopies without apparent competition. This study provides useful weekly data about the phenology of the two earwig species throughout the year that can be used to detect the key periods during which to enhance their populations in pip fruit orchards or to control them in stone fruit crops. Furthermore, our results are of relevance for the development of new phenological models of earwigs in Mediterranean areas where nymphs hibernate, a feature that makes current models inaccurate.
2015-09-15
2015-09-15
2015-02-01
2015-09-15
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2015131-6814
022765
1695-971X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/48706
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2015131-6814
Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 2015, vol. 13, num. 1
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//AGL2010-17486/ES/CONTROL INTEGRADO DE PLAGAS EN FRUTALES DE PEPITA Y HUESO/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es
cc-by (c) Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 2015
Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/663812022-09-26T15:10:52Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Influence of irrigation time and frequency on greenhouse gas emissions in a solid-set sprinkler-irrigated maize under Mediterranean conditions
Franco-Luesma, Samuel
Álvaro-Fuentes, Jorge
Plaza Bonilla, Daniel
Arrúe, José Luis
Cantero-Martínez, Carlos
Cavero Campo, José
Sprinkler irrigation management
Maize monoculture
Yield scaled N2O emissions
Soil N2O emissions
Irrigation management may influence soil greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Solid-set sprinkler irrigation systems allow to modify the irrigation time and frequency. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of two irrigation times (daytime, D; nighttime, N) and two irrigation frequencies (low, L; high, H) on soil carbon dioxide(CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in a solid-set sprinkler-irrigated maize (Zea maysL.) field located in NE Spain during 2015 and 2016 growing seasons and the fallow period between growing seasons. Compared with D irrigation, N irrigation increased soil water content (0-5 cm) in both growing seasons. Irrigation management did not affect CH4 emissions and the soil acted as a sink of CH4. Cumulative CO2 emissions were affected by the measurement period (growing season vs fallow) with the greatest values in 2015 growing season, being 81 and 32% higher over the fallow period and over the 2016 growing season, respectively, due to the effect of the preceding crop, alfalfa, and a better soil moisture conditions for the microorganism activity. Similarly, cumulative N2O emissions showed the highest values in 2015, reporting values 90 and 51% greater than the fallow period and the 2016 growing season, respectively. Moreover, N irrigation increased cumulative N2O emissions by 29% compared with D irrigation, but irrigation frequency did not affect cumulative N2O emissions. Irrigation time did not affect cumulative N2O emissions scaled per grain yield or per N uptake because N irrigation increased maize yield by 11% compared with D irrigation. Due to the lack of differences in the scaled N2O emissions, N irrigation should be consider as an appropriate strategy to optimize grain yield without compromising soil GHG emissions per unit of grain yield in Mediterranean agroecosystems.
2019-05-27
2021-03-26
2019-03-26
2019-05-27
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.03.042
028583
0378-3774
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/66381
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.03.042
Agricultural Water Management, 2019, vol. 221, p. 303-311
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AGL2013-49062-C4-4-R/ES/PRACTICAS AGRICOLAS SOSTENIBLES PARA LA REDUCCION DE EMISIONES DE GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO EN ZONAS MEDITERRANEAS/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es
cc-by-nc-nd (c) Elsevier, 2019
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/650312023-03-27T12:39:09Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_49298col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49299
La porcinocultura de precisión es una perspectiva innovadora para el futuro de la producción porcina (I)
Pomar Gomà, Jesús
López, Vicente
Porcino
Alimentación de precisión
2018-11-06
2018-11-06
2018-08
2018-11-06
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
027526
1699-7883
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/65031
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://albeitar.portalveterinaria.com/revistasonline/217.html
Albéitar, 2018, núm. 217, p. 18-19
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Asís Veterinaria, 2018
Asís Veterinaria
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/659642022-09-27T15:13:49Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Differential accumulation of pelargonidin glycosides in petals at three different developmental stages of the orange-flowered gentian (Gentiana lutea L. var. aurantiaca)
Diretto, Gianfranco
Jin, Xin
Capell Capell, Teresa
Zhu, Changfu
Gómez Gómez, Lourdes
Corolla color in Gentiana lutea L. exhibits a yellow/orange variation. We previously demonstrated
that the orange petal color of G. lutea L. var. aurantiaca is predominantly caused by
newly synthesized pelargonidin glycosides that confer a reddish hue to the yellow background
color, derived from the carotenoids. However, the anthocyanin molecules of these
pelargonidin glycosides are not yet fully identified and characterized. Here, we investigated
the regulation, content and type of anthocyanins determining the petal coloration of the
orange-flowered G. lutea L. var. aurantiaca. Anthocyanins from the petals of G. lutea L. var.
aurantiaca were characterized and quantified by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS (High-performance liquid
chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry) coupled with a
diode array detector in flowers at three different stages of development (S1, S3 and S5).
Eleven pelargonidin derivatives were identified in the petals of G. lutea L. var. aurantiaca for
the first time, but quantitative and qualitative differences were observed at each developmental
stage. The highest levels of these pelargonidin derivatives were reached at the fully
open flower stage (S5) where all anthocyanins were detected. In contrast, not all the anthocyanins
were detected at the budlet stage (S1) and mature bud stage (S3) and those corresponded
to more complex pelargonidin derivatives. The major pelargonidin derivatives
found at all the stages were pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside, pelargonidin 3,5-O-diglucoside and
pelargonidin 3-O-rutinoside. Furthermore, the expression of DFR (dihydroflavonol 4-reductase),
ANS (anthocyanidin synthase), 3GT (UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase),
5GT (UDP-glucose:flavonoid 5-O-glucosyltransferase) and 5AT (anthocyanin 5-
aromatic acyltransferase) genes was analyzed in the petals of three developmental stages,
showing that the expression level of DFR, ANS and 3GT parallels the accumulation of the
pelargonidin glucosides. Overall, this study enhances the knowledge of the biochemical basis of flower coloration in Gentiana species, and lays a foundation for breeding of flower
color and genetic variation studies on Gentiana varieties.
2019-03-18
2019-03-18
2019
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0212062
028640
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/65964
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0212062
PLoS ONE, 2019, vol. 14, núm. 2, e0212062
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//BIO2014-54441-P/ES/REGULACION DE LA BIOSINTESIS Y ACUMULACION DE CAROTENOIDES EN EL ENDOSPERMO DE MAIZ/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//BIO2015-71703-REDT/ES/CAROTENOIDES EN RED: DE LOS MICROORGANISMOS Y LAS PLANTAS A LOS ALIMENTOS Y LA SALUD/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//BIO2017-90877-REDT/ES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by, (c) Diretto et al., 2019
Public Library of Science
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/839582023-01-17T12:16:51Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_44504
Editorial: crop diversification, a key pillar for the agroecological transition
Alletto, Lionel
Celette, Florian
Drexler, Dora
Plaza Bonilla, Daniel
Reckling, Moritz
Agroecology
Climate-smart agriculture
Ecosystem services
Legumes
Multi-services cover crop
Multicriteria assessment
System design
2022-10-20
2022-10-20
2022
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2022.950822
032874
2673-3218
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/83958
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2022.950822
Frontiers in agronomy, 2022, vol. 4, núm. 950822, p. 1-3
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/771134/EU/SusCrop
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Alletto et al., 2022
Frontiers Media S.A.
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4646562024-03-13T10:49:04Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_68143col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_68144col_10459.1_49291
Phylogeography and climate shape the quantitative genetic landscape and range-wide plasticity of a prevalent conifer
Voltas Velasco, Jordi
Amigó, Ramon
Shestakova, Tatiana A.
Matteo, Giovanni
Díaz, Raquel
Zas, Rafael
Adaptive traits
Climate-driven selection
Genotype by environment interaction
The contribution of genetic adaptation and plasticity to intraspecific phenotypic variability remains insufficiently studied in long-lived plants, as well as the relevance of neutral versusadaptive processes determining such divergence. We examined the importance of phylogeographic structure and climate modulating genetic and plastic changes and their interdependence in fitness-related traits of a widespread Mediterranean conifer(Pinus pinaster). Four marker-based, previously defined neutral classifications along with two ad hoc climate-based categorizations of 123 range-wide populations were analyzed for their capacity to summarize genetic and plastic effects of height growth and survival (age 20) in 15 common gardens. Plasticity of tree height and differential survival were interpreted through mixed modeling accounting for heteroscedasticity in the genotype-by-environment dataset. The analysis revealed a slight superiority of phylogeographic classifications over climate categorizations on the explanation of genetic and plastic effects, which suggests that neutral processes can be at least as important as isolation by climate as driving factor of evolutionary divergence in a prevalent pine. The best phylogeographic classification involved eight geographically discrete genetic groups which explained 92% (height) and 52% (survival) of phenotypic variability, including between-group mean differentiation and differential expression across trials. For height growth, there was predictability of plastic group responses described by different reaction norm slopes, which were unrelated to between-group mean differentiation. The latter differences (amounting to ca. 40% among groups) dominated intraspecific performance across trials. Local adaptation was evident for genetic groups tested in their native environments in terms of tree height and, especially, survival. This finding was supported by QST > FST estimates. Additionally, our range-wide evaluation did not support a general adaptive syndrome by which less reactive groups to ameliorated conditions would be associated with high survival and low growth. In fact, a lack of relationship between mean group differentiation, indicative of genetic adaptation, and predictable group plasticity for height growth suggests different evolutionary trajectories of these mechanisms of phenotypic divergence. Altogether, the existence of predictable adaptive-trait phenotypic variation for the species, involving both genetic differentiation and plastic effects, should facilitate integrating genomics and environment into decision-making tools to assist forests to cope with climate change.
2023-12-04
2023-12-04
2023
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1596
1557-7015
https://repositori.udl.cat/handle/10459.1/464656
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1596
Ecological Monographs, 2024, vol. 94, núm. 1, e1596, p. 1-21
https://doi.org/10.34810/data871
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-094691-B-C31/ES/PAPEL DE LA EVOLUCION DE LOS FENOTIPOS INTEGRADOS EN LA RESILIENCIA DE LOS PINOS MEDITERRANEOS EN UN AMBIENTE CAMBIANTE/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-094691-B-C32/ES/PAPEL DE LA EVOLUCION DE LOS FENOTIPOS INTEGRADOS EN LA RESILIENCIA DE LOS PINOS MEDITERRANEOS FRENTE A UN AMBIENTE CAMBIANTE: CAMBIO GENETICO Y PLASTICIDAD FENOTIPICA/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-140521OB-C31/ES/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-140521OB-C33/ES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
cc-by-nc (c) Jordi Voltas et al., 2023
Ecological Society of America
Wiley
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/650482018-11-09T00:26:40Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Optimal stomatal behaviour around the world
Lin, Yan-Shih
Medlyn, Belinda E.
Duursma, Remko A.
Prentice, I. Colin
Wang, Han
Baig, Sofia
Eamus, Derek
Resco de Dios, Víctor
Mitchell, Patrick
Ellsworth, David S.
Op de Beeck, Maarten
Wallin, Göran
Uddling, Johan
Tarvainen, Lasse
Linderson, Maj-Lena
Cernusak, Lucas A.
Nippert, Jesse B.
Ocheltree, Troy W.
Tissue, David T.
Martin-StPaul, Nicolas K.
Rogers, Alistair
Warren, Jeff M.
De Angelis, Paolo
Hikosaka, Kouki
Han, Qingmin
Onoda, Yusuke
Gimeno, Teresa E.
Barton, Craig V. M.
Bennie, Jonathan
Bonal, Damien
Bosc, Alexandre
Löw, Markus
Macinins-Ng, Cate
Rey, Ana
Rowland, Lucy
Setterfield, Samantha A.
Tausz-Posch, Sabine
Zaragoza-Castells, Joana
Broadmeadow, Mark S. J.
Drake, John E.
Freeman, Michael
Ghannoum, Oula
Hutley, Lindsay B.
Kelly, Jeff W.
Kikuzawa, Kihachiro
Kolari, Pasi
Koyama, Kohei
Limousin, Jean-Marc
Meir, Patrick
Lola da Costa, Antonio C.
Mikkelsen, Teis N.
Salinas, Norma
Sun, Wei
Wingate, Lisa
Stomatal conductance (gs) is a key land-surface attribute as it links transpiration, the dominant component of global land evapotranspiration, and photosynthesis, the driving force of the global carbon cycle. Despite the pivotal role of gs in predictions of global water and carbon cycle changes, a global-scale database and an associated globally applicable model of gs that allow predictions of stomatal behaviour are lacking. Here, we present a database of globally distributed gs obtained in the field for a wide range of plant functional types (PFTs) and biomes. We find that stomatal behaviour differs among PFTs according to their marginal carbon cost of water use, as predicted by the theory underpinning the optimal stomatal model1 and the leaf and wood economics spectrum2, 3. We also demonstrate a global relationship with climate. These findings provide a robust theoretical framework for understanding and predicting the behaviour of gs across biomes and across PFTs that can be applied to regional, continental and global-scale modelling of ecosystem productivity, energy balance and ecohydrological processes in a future changing climate.
2018-11-08
2018-11-08
2015
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2550
023513
1758-678X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/65048
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2550
Nature Climate Change, vol. 5, p. 459-464
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Nature Publishing Group, 2015
Nature Publishing Group
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/584212023-03-27T12:56:55Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Evolución de la biomasa de los grupos taxonómicos y funcionales de plantas en comunidades pascícolas pirenaicas
Sebastià, Ma. T.
Canals, Rosa M.
Chamaephytes
Graminoids
Grassland structure
Leguminosae
Analizamos las estrategias de desarrollo de los principales grupos funcionales de plantas
de algunos pastos subalpinos pirenaicos (gramíneas, otras graminoides, leguminosas, otras no
graminoides) a lo largo del periodo de crecimiento. Comparamos dichas estrategias en diferentes
comunidades y bajo condiciones ambientales diversas. Las gramíneas constituyen en todos los casos
la familia mils abundante y diversificada, y en las parcelas mesofíticas parece que su dinamica de
crecimiento determina el crecimiento de la hierba. En cambio, en la comunidad xerofítica de Carex
humilis existe una codominancia entre graminoides y no graminoides, aunque su diversidad es comparable
a la del resto de las comunidades. En esta comunidad existe una biomasa aérea preexistente
al inicio del período de crecimiento, debido a su gran proporción de caméfitos. Existe una reparticidn
temporal del pasto; las graminoides en general presentan un desarrollo mis temprano que las
no graminoides, lo cual puede relacionarse con la forma de crecimiento, la presión selectiva de los
herbívoros rumiantes y el tipo de polinización. La proporción de leguminosas no presenta diferencia~
significativas entre comunidades o parcelas, ni en el peso seco, ni en la frecuencia, ni en la
diversidad de especies.
2016-11-08
2016-11-08
1992
article
014574
0213-4039
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58421
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a http://www.raco.cat/index.php/Orsis/article/viewFile/24264/89416
Orsis, 1992, vol. 7, núm. 1, p.113-124
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/es/
cc-by-nc (c) Sebastià et al., 1992
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/586312023-03-27T12:56:55Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_49291
Assessing yield losses caused by the harvester ant Messor barbarus (L.) in winter cereals
Baraibar Padró, Bàrbara
Ledesma, Raquel
Royo-Esnal, Aritz
Westerman, Paula Renate
Yield loss at sowing
Yield loss at harvest
Damage
Nest density
Harvester ants from the species Messor barbarus (L.) are important seed predators in semi-arid cereal fields of NE Spain, and can contribute substantially to weed control. However, occasionally they harvest newly sown crop seeds at sowing in autumn, or ripe cereal grains close to harvest in summer, causing yield losses.
A preliminary study was conducted in 34 commercial winter cereal fields to measure yield loss, and to identify factors that influence it. The area affected by ants was measured ten days prior to the anticipated harvest date. Ant colony size, nest density, crop height, weed densities and temperatures at sowing were assessed.
At sowing, harvester ants did not cause yield losses (0.2% of potential yield on average). At harvest, yield losses were generally low as well (0.6%) although occasionally higher losses were recorded (max. 9.2%). Yield losses significantly increased with increasing nest density, nest size and with number of years of no-till. The results of this study show that in 2009 yield losses caused by M. barbarus were insignificant and more than offset by the benefits provided by the destruction of weed seeds.
2016-11-23
2025-01-01
2011
article
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.05.010
017317
0261-2194
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/58631
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.05.010
Crop Protection, 2011, vol. 30, núm. 9, p. 1144-1148
MIECI/PN2004-2007/AGL2007-60828
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
(c) Elsevier Ltd, 2011
Elsevier
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/699542021-02-09T09:20:53Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
Transit Peptides From Photosynthesis-Related Proteins Mediate Import of a Marker Protein Into Different Plastid Types and Within Different Species
Eseverri, Álvaro
Baysal, Can
Medina Piles, Vicente
Capell Capell, Teresa
Christou, Paul
Rubio, Luis
Caro, Elena
Plastid targeting
Recombinant protein
Plastid import
Transit peptide
Rice
Crops
Synthetic biology
Biotechnology
Nucleus-encoded plastid proteins are synthesized as precursors with N-terminal targeting signals called transit peptides (TPs), which mediate interactions with the translocon complexes at the outer (TOC) and inner (TIC) plastid membranes. These complexes exist in multiple isoforms in higher plants and show differential specificity and tissue abundance. While some show specificity for photosynthesis-related precursor proteins, others distinctly recognize nonphotosynthetic and housekeeping precursor proteins. Here we used TPs from four Arabidopsis thaliana proteins, three related to photosynthesis (chlorophyll a/b binding protein, Rubisco activase) and photo-protection (tocopherol cyclase) and one involved in the assimilation of ammonium into amino-acids, and whose expression is most abundant in the root (ferredoxin dependent glutamate synthase 2), to determine whether they were able to mediate import of a nuclear-encoded marker protein into plastids of different tissues of a dicot and a monocot species. In A. thaliana, import and processing efficiency was high in all cases, while TP from the rice Rubisco small chain 1, drove very low import in Arabidopsis tissues. Noteworthy, our results show that Arabidopsis photosynthesis TPs also mediate plastid import in rice callus, and in leaf and root tissues with almost a 100% efficiency, providing new biotechnological tools for crop improvement strategies based on recombinant protein accumulation in plastids by the expression of nuclear-encoded transgenes.
2020-11-25
2020-11-25
2020-09-25
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.560701
031004
1664-462X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/69954
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.560701
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020, vol. 11, article 560701
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by, (c) Eseverri, Álvaro et al., 2020
Frontiers Media
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/415922023-03-27T12:39:09Zcom_10459.1_243com_10459.1_2col_10459.1_3332
Asturforesta'99, la feria monográfica del sector forestal en España
Arnó i Pujol, Judit
Masip Vilalta, Joan
Durante los días 20, 21 y 22 de marzo de ha celebrado la que puede considerarse la feria monográfica del sector forestal en España. Asturforesta'99, en Tineo (Principado de Asturias).
2011-09-14
2011-09-14
1999
article
000804
1133-8938
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/41592
spa
Reproducció del document publicat a http://www.marm.es/ministerio/pags/biblioteca/revistas/pdf_Vrural\Vrural_1999_91_54_56.pdf
Vida rural, 1999, núm. 91, p. 54-56
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Eumedia, 1999
Eumedia
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/852582023-03-06T11:45:10Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332
The frequency of spring harvest and row distance affect the seed and forage production of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under irrigated Mediterranean conditions
Chocarro, Cristina
Maresma Galindo, Ángel
Lloveras Vilamanyà, Jaume
Density
Management
Seed yield
The effect of the number of spring harvests (1 or 2) for forage before letting alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grow for seed, combined with three different row distances, on seed production was evaluated over a three-year period. Area of study: Irrigated Mediterranean environment (NE Spain). Material and methods: Seed yield, forage production and seed weight were evaluated, as well as final plant stands and the economic implications of different decisions. Main results: The study revealed significant differences (p < 0.01) in seed yield between the number of forage harvests prior to letting the crop grow for seed in two of the three years of the study, with an overall average of 500 kg ha-1 for one spring harvest and 450 kg ha-1 for two spring harvests, but with significant differences associated with row distance in two of the three years. The average annual production of forage was 8.08 Mg of dry matter (DM) ha-1 for the case of two spring harvests and 7.57 Mg for one, with significant differences in one of the three years. Row distances of 20, 40 and 60 cm did not significantly affect forage DM production although, on average, higher forage yields were achieved with narrow row distances. From an economic point of view, our results suggest that the 1-harvest treatment before letting alfalfa grow for seed is slightly more profitable than the 2-harvest treatment (higher gross margin of about 54.5 € ha-1). Research highlights: Under irrigated Mediterranean conditions, alfalfa harvested only once in spring before letting the crop grow for seed production maximizes the gross margin.
2023-01-16
2023-01-16
2022
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2022204-18093
032978
1695-971X
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/85258
eng
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2022204-18093
Journal of Agricultural Research, 2022, vol. 20, núm. 4, p. 1-10
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
cc-by (c) Chocarro et al., 2022
Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (CSIC-INIA)
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/685352023-03-27T12:56:55Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_56704col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_56705
Modeling the emergence of North African Knapweed (Centaurea diluta), an increasingly troublesome weed in Spain
Sousa Ortega, Carlos
Royo-Esnal, Aritz
DiTommaso, Antonio
Izquierdo i Figarola, Jordi
Loureiro, Iñigo
Marí, Ana Isabel
Cordero, Fernando
Vargas, Manuel
Saavedra, Milagros
Paramio, José Antonio
Fernández, José Luis
Torra Farré, Joel
Urbano, José María
Hydrothermal model
North African knapweed
Seedling emergence model
Thermal model
Weibull
North African knapweed (Centaurea diluta Aiton) is an annual weed that is widespread in southern Spain and is of increasing concern in dryland cropping systems. Despite its expanding range in Spain, there is limited information on the emergence timing and pattern of this species, which is critical for developing more timely and effective management strategies. Therefore, there is a need to develop simple and reliable models to predict the timing and emergence of this annual weed under dryland conditions. A multi-location field experiment was established across Spain in 2016-2017 to assess the emergence of C. diluta. At each of 11 locations, seeds were sown in the fall, and emergence was recorded. Overall emergence averaged 39% in the first year across all sites and 11% in the second year. In both years, the main emergence flush occurred at beginning of the growing season. The three-parameter Weibull function best described seedling emergence of C. diluta. Emergence models were developed based on thermal time (TT) and hydrothermal time (HTT) and showed high predictability, as evidenced by root mean square error prediction (RMSEP) values of 10.8 and 10.7, respectively. The three cardinal points were established for TT and HHT at 0.5 ºC, 10 ºC and 35 ºC for base, optimal and ceiling temperature, while base water potential was estimated at -0.5MPa.
2020-05-04
2020-09-23
2020
2020-05-04
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2020.22
029905
0043-1745
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68535
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2020.22
Weed Science, 2020, vol. 68, núm. 3, p. 268-277
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) Weed Science Society of America, 2020
Cambridge University Press
oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/595032023-03-27T12:56:55Zcom_10459.1_56965com_10459.1_2com_10459.1_243com_10459.1_56704col_10459.1_57707col_10459.1_3332col_10459.1_56705col_10459.1_49291
Characterisation of emergence of autumn and spring cohorts of Galium spp. in winter cereals
Royo-Esnal, Aritz
Torra Farré, Joel
Conesa i Mor, Josep A. (Josep Antoni)
Recasens i Guinjuan, Jordi
Modelling
weed-crop competition
Herbicide resistance
Cereals
Cohorts
Dormancy
Galium aparine
Galium spurium
Galium tricornutum
Germination
The emergence of three artificial cohorts of Galium aparine, G. spurium and G. tricornutum with different accessions was studied over two years under the climatic conditions of north-eastern Spain. Seeds were sown in November (first cohort), January (second cohort) and February (third cohort). Higher and lower emergence percentages were obtained in the first and third cohorts, when fresher winter and dry spring occurred. However, this tendency changed when the spring was wet and emergence of third cohorts was more than that of the first. Results suggest that low temperatures in winter break the dormancy of these species, that soil moisture promotes the germination and emergence of these weeds and that emergence is highly influenced by dormancy levels during winter and spring. Lack of rain does not allow spring germination, hence, application of herbicides to control spring cohorts is not necessary.
2017-04-07
2017-04-07
2010
2017-04-07
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.2010.00803.x
016846
0043-1737
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/59503
eng
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.2010.00803.x
Weed Research, 2010, vol. 50, núm. 6, p. 572-585
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MIECI//AGL2004-04836%2FAGR/ES/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
(c) European Weed Research Society, 2010
European Weed Research Society
etdms///col_10459.1_3332/100